![]() Marcano Romero, Diana Alejandra: Computer Simulations for Hydrogen Loaded Palladium ClustersComputer Simulationen von Wasserstoff beladenen Palladium Clustern Dissertation (PDF (.pdf),
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Sachgruppe der DNB Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktortitels, angenommen von: Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Fakultäten, 2007-07-04 Abstract (ENG) In this work, a new expression for the chemical potential μ of H in Pd
is used, which relies on an extension of Widom's particle insertion method.
Being an exact expression, this μ contains a term that agrees with the
configurational entropy of the ideal solution model, and a term which describes
the energy gain in the system when adding an extra H atom. This latter term is
due to direct hydrogen-hydrogen interactions, deformations of the lattice by the
absorbed hydrogen atoms, the energy gain from lattice relaxation and the binding
energy E of H in Pd. The calculation of μ is carried out in
bulk Pd and in a 923 Pd-atoms cuboctahedral cluster within a hybrid monte carlo
- molecular dynamics (MC-MD) procedure. Also E is determined as function
of the hydrogen concentration x in bulk and in cluster. Binding energy E calculations are carried out with 1 H atom to test sites at the surface and in the cluster. Energies are found for different surface-like and bulk-like sites, in agreement with experimental results. E calculation in cluster shows no directional dependence, but one that follows the geometry of the system. Also E as function of x, at low x concentrations, is in qualitative good agreement with experimental results. The discrepancy at higher x concentrations is due to the missing electronic band structure effects or due to very strong H-H repulsive interactions that were not taken into account. Also at low x concentrations, the relative volume change reproduces the experimental results. It is found that, with the interaction potential set ppI-HH**-HPdmod, it is possible to describe μ in bulk at 300 K. The presence of a α-α' phase transition was established. In cluster, μ at 300 K, was also calculated. It was possible to identify an α-α' phase transition. Sievert's law limit was estimated in good agreement with the experiment, for both bulk and cluster. In cluster it is shifted to higher x concentrations when compared to bulk in agreement with the experiments. Using the Maxwell construction, the phase solubility limits were determined both in cluster and bulk. Also, in agreement with the prediction from the lattice-Green's function formalism, our results demonstrates that two hydrogen atoms in next nearest (NN) neighbour (100) configuration show a rather strong attractive lattice mediated interaction, while the nearest (N) neighbour pairs (110) have a repulsive lattice mediated coupling. This predicts that in the α-phase regime at moderate temperatures (100) chain-like H distributions shall be preferred in the structure. Abstract (GER) In dieser Arbeit wird eine neue Beschreibung für das chemische Potential
μ von H in Pd hergeleitet, welche eine Erweiterung von Widoms Methode
ist. Dieser exakte Ausdruck μ enthält einen Term, der mit der
Konfigurationsentropie einer idealen Lösung übereinstimmt und einem
weiterem Term der die Energiezunahme beim hinzufügen von einem weiteren
Wasserstoffatom beschreibt. Der letztere Term beruht direkt auf der Wasserstoff
- Wasserstoff Wechselwirkung, der Energieveränderung durch Gitterrelaxiation und
der Bindungsenergie E von H in Pd. Die Berechnung von μ ist in
bulk Pd und einem cuboktahedrischen Palladiumcluster von 923 Atomen mit einer
hybriden Monte Carlo - Molekulardynamik Methode (MC-MD) durchgeführt worden.
Dabei ist E in Abhängigkeit der Wasserstoffkonzentration x in bulk
und Cluster berechnet worden.
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