LIBRES: Library and Information Science
Research
Electronic Journal ISSN 1058-6768
2000 Volume 10 Issue 1; March.
Bi-annual LIBRES10N1 JOURNALS
MARCH 2000 ISSUE
Editorial note:
This section contains items culled from various Internet news services, discussion lists and other announcements. Unless specifically noted, I have not visited the sites, used any of the software, reviewed the literature, or written the news items. I present this digest to you in good faith but cannot vouch for the accuracy of its content.
CURRENT CITES
Date: Tue, 2 Nov 1999 17:49:05 -0500
Sender: Solo Librarians Listserv <SOLOLIB-L@LISTSERV.SILVERPLATTER.COM>
From: Gerry Hurley <gerry_hurley@SILVERPLATTER.COM>
Subject: Current Cites - October 1999
Hi everyone,
_Current Cites_
Volume 10,
no. 10 October 1999
The Library University of California, Berkeley
Edited by Teri Andrews Rinne
ISSN: 1060-2356
http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/CurrentCites/1999/cc99.10.10.html
Contributors: Terry Huwe, Michael Levy, Leslie Myrick,
Margaret Phillips, Jim Ronningen, Lisa Rowlison,
Roy Tennant, Lisa Yesson
_Editor's Note:_ A hearty welcome to two new Current Cites
contributors who debut with this month's issue: Michael Levy,
Electronic Services Librarian at UCB's Boalt School of Law and Leslie
Myrick, who works on the SCAN Project in the Electronic Text Unit of
UCB Library Systems Office. And an even heartier welcome back to one
of Current Cites' original contributors, Lisa Rowlison, now
Coordinator of Bibliographic Services at California State University,
Monterey Bay.
American Association of Law Libraries. Committee on Citation Formats.
Universal Citation Guide Madison, WI: State Bar of Wisconsin, 1999. -
The question of how to cite court opinions, legislative materials and
administrative rules and regulations is crucial to the practice of
law. As the authors of the Universal Citation Guide (UCG) state in
their introduction "current citation rules were crafted for the gilded
age of the law book and this symmetry is disintegrating as computer
technology reshapes the legal record." After many years of work with
federal and state courts, the American Bar Association, and various
public interest organizations the American Association of Law
Libraries (AALL) has produced a comprehensive set of citation
principles that will allow for both medium and vendor-neutral
citation. By adopting the principles laid out in the UCG courts will
be able to provide a citation to a court case that is not dependent on
a particular legal publisher or a particular format of publication.
For court opinions this means using five data elements: case name,
year, court, opinion number and paragraph number. Thus far eleven
states have adopted uniform citation, the most significant being
Wisconsin. While the UCG isn't designed to be scintillating reading,
it is clearly explained and the rules relatively simple to follow.
It's overarching importance lies in the fact that it is the most
significant attempt to date to address citation in the digital medium
and to cut the ties of dependence on large legal publishers. While the
UCG isn't available in electronic form, a tentative draft (from 1998)
is available at: http://www.aallnet.org/committee/citation/ucguide.pdf
- ML
Besser, Howard. "Digital Image Distribution" D-Lib Magazine 5(10)
(October 1999) (http://www.dlib.org/dlib/october99/10besser.html). -
This paper is a report on the UC Berkeley study The Cost of Digital
Imaging Distribution: The Social and Economic Implications of the
Production, Distribution, and Usage of Image Data
(http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/Imaging/Databases/1998mellon/). The
purpose of the study was to explore such questions as "As we construct
new electronic information systems, what are the implications of
merging content and metadata from multiple sources? How do the costs
and services in a digital distribution scheme differ from those in an
analog one? What steps can we take to entice users who currently rely
upon analog resources to begin seriously employing digital resources?"
Specifically, the study focuses on the experiences of the Museum
Educational Site Licensing Project (MESL), which began in 1995. The
bulk of the paper describes a number of interesting findings from the
project and the subsequent analysis. Although Besser is an advocate
for digital imaging, he pulls no punches here in identifying key
problem areas and issues that require resolution. This paper is
essential reading for anyone interested in digital image collections.
- RT
Ensign, David. "West's Copyright Claim to Star Pagination Denied by
Second Circuit" AALL Spectrum 2(10) (July 1999): 12, 35.
(http://www.aallnet.org/products/pub_sp9907.pdf) - In this brief and
succinct article on recent copyright decisions regarding the West
Publishing Company (now West Group, part of Thomson Corporation),
Ensign explains the importance of "star pagination" in legal
publishing and the possible effects on the market for print and
electronic compilations of court decisions. Two recent opinions from
the Second Circuit have seriously undermined West's claims that their
use of star pagination and that the selection and arrangement of
prefatory information in court opinions is copyrightable. The ability
of other publishers, especially those producing opinions in
electronic format, to insert page numbers from West's National
Reporter System is crucial in having a viable competitive market in
legal publishing. With the Supreme Court refusing to hear appeals on
these two cases it would seem that a major blow has been given to one
of the behemoths of the legal publishing world. - ML
Hyman, Karen. "Customer Service and the 'Rule of 1965'" American
Libraries 30(9) (October 1999): 54-58. - Hyman puts forth an
intriguing and all-too-likely premise: "customer service, according to
the Rule of 1965, defines anything the library did prior to 1965 as
basic; everything else is extra." To back up her claim, she cites a
number of examples of the apparent application of this "rule" to
justify not offering new services. She also offers a "quiz" to see
whether you are applying this rule in your library. Hyman then
concludes with the following five things you can start doing today:
"1) Remember that the customer is not the enemy; 2) Create a climate
in your library that supports change; 3) Survey the environment
continuously; 4) Redirect resources; and, 5) Treat every customer like
a person." Hyman delivers a well-deserved kick in the tail, which I
hope will propel us into a better customer service posture and render
the "Rule of 1965" obsolete. - RT
Lee, Stuart D. Scoping the Future of the University of Oxford's
Digital Library Collections Oxford: Bodleian Library, University of
Oxford, 1999 (http://www.bodley.ox.ac.uk/scoping/). - Although this
report is for the internal use of Oxford University, "outsiders" can
benefit from it in a number of ways. The report provides a high-level
overview of some (but certainly not all) national and international
digital library initiatives and a thorough listing of Oxford-based
digital projects and collections. A significant portion of the paper
is devoted to findings from the interviews conducted of both on campus
staff and others active in digitization projects. Accompanying
appendices provide additional detail on these findings. The final part
of the paper is devoted to specific recommendations for better
coordinating and managing Oxford's digital initiatives, largely by
establishing Oxford Digital Library Services. Any organization, in
particular large universities, managing a diverse range of
digitization projects will likely find this report to be useful. - RT
Mappa Mundi (http://mappa.mundi.net) - There is a new breed of
cartologist out there "mapping the Web" in all its aspects; prominent
amongst them is Martin Dodge, the creator of a site aptly entitled An
Atlas of Cyberspaces
(http://www.cybergeography.org/atlas/topology.html). Dodge is also a
regular contributor to a website which I am perhaps unfelicitously
naming this month's "Site/Cite for Sore Eyes," not only for its
drop-dead gorgeous graphics throughout, but also for its
cyber-cartographically-tinged content, served up in eminently
digestible portions. Patently a forum for Invisible Worlds Inc., the
developers (with Danny Goodman in the lead) of the EdgarSpace portal,
Mappa Mundi nevertheless addresses issues germane to any serious Web
navigator. A recent article on trace routes
(http://mappa.mundi.net/maps/archive/maps_004.html) will serve as a
case in point. The study of trace routes as a tool for keeping
networks running smoothly is a clear manifestation of the practical
side of mapping the net. The article in question is rather basic in
intent and structure: it essentially compares the performance of three
commercially available traceroute applications: GeoBoy, NeoTrace and
Visual Route. What is striking is the author's cyber-geographical
slant, and the added value lading the article itself (great
screen-shots) and the sidebars (links galore). One sidebar, for
instance, offers a chance to test-run a triangulating Web tracer from
Canberra, Australia to the Mappa Mundi server, which sits presumably
somewhere across the San Francisco Bay. The Map of the Month archives
are presently mapping aspects of the Web as disparate as Arpanet and
MUDs. - LM
McLoughlin, Glenn J. "Next Generation Internet and Related
Initiatives" Journal of Academic Librarianship 25(3) (May 1999):
226-229. - McLoughlin unpacks the Internet alphabet soup giving
historical perspective and current status to the many federal
computing and communications efforts. Included in his treatment are
the Next Generation Internet (NGI) initiative, the National
Information Infrastructure (NII), the High Performance Computing &
Communications initiative (HPCC), the proposed Information Technology
for the 21st Century (IT2) program, as well as Internet2. The next
time you're waiting for a Web page to load at a snail's pace, consider
that the fiscal year 2000 budget request for IT2, HPCC, and the NGI
amounts to 1.8 billion dollars, which is to be distributed across six
primary agencies. McLoughlin's final question, "can the NCO [National
Coordinating Office] ensure that multiple federal computing and
communications efforts are effective and efficient, and serve the
national interest?"cuts to the heart of the matter, especially since
50 percent of the U.S. population will rely upon and access the
Internet in the year 2000. - LR
Medeiros, Norm. "Making Room for MARC in a Dublin Core World" Online
(23)6 (Nov. 1999).
(http://www.onlineinc.com/onlinemag/OLtocs/OLtocnov4.html) - Among
librarians there has been debate about whether the MARC
(Machine-Readable Cataloging) format should be replaced, since it was
created to mimic in computer form something which is nearly obsolete
now: the library catalog card. New methods of resource description
have evolved since MARC was designed, but Medeiros points out that the
millions of MARC records in online catalogs today aren't going to go
away as simpler descriptive formats such as Dublin Core Metadata are
implemented for information retrieval, and that MARC will continue to
be useful, even in some cases for the description of Internet
resources (which is Dublin Core's raison d'etre). He examines the
nature of MARC and Dublin Core, contrasts their uses, and describes a
developing environment in which they peacefully coexist: the
Cooperative Online Resource Catalog (CORC), an OCLC-sponsored
project. Participants build the database by contributing records in
whichever of the two formats is most appropriate for the level of
detail needed. - JR
Moglen, Eben. "Anarchism Triumphant: Free Software and the Death of
Copyright" First Monday 4(8) (August 2, 1999)
(http://www.firstmonday.org/issues/issue4_8/moglen/). - Moglen, a law
professor at Columbia, exercises an insouciant wit in poking holes in
the existing concepts of intellectual property. Importantly, he
focuses mainly on "real" software: operating systems, and application
programs and the like. He declares, "In the digital society, it's all
connected. We can't depend for the long run on distinguishing one
bitstream from another in order to figure out which rules apply. What
happened to software is already happening to music. Their recording
industry lordships are now scrambling wildly to retain control over
distribution, as both musicians and listeners realize that the
middlepeople are no longer necessary." He may have a point, but
"bricks and mortar" businesses have done well on the Net, and the
"gift economy" of donated labor hasn't hit my neighborhood record
store. - TH
Okerson, Ann. "The LIBLICENSE Project and How it Grows" D-Lib Magazine
5(9) (September 1999)
(http://www.dlib.org/dlib/september99/okerson/09okerson.html) - Under
the aegis of the Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR),
a team of librarians, lawyers and web designers at Yale University
Library has launched the LIBLICENSE project
(http://www.library.yale.edu/~llicense/index.html), a site bristling
with tools to arm librarians and other purchasers and purveyors of
electronic resources against a proliferating and confusing array of
economic and business models for licensing agreements. This is an
impressive repository of information which seeks to "de-mystify" and
expedite the process of securing the best possible licensing deal, as
well as to pave the way for the eventual standardization of electronic
licensing agreements. The user will find well-researched sections
covering licensing vocabulary (and its judicious deployment), terms
and descriptions, as well as bibliography, and links to other
licensing sites. Flying in the face of those who might seek to keep
such legal arrangements closeted and esoteric, the LIBLICENSE site
maintains a page with copious links to actual licenses from both
publishers and authors, as well as a page devoted to model national
site licenses. The second phase of the grant has underwritten the
creation of LIBLICENSE software, freely downloadable, which provides a
sharp-looking "Integrated Development Environment" for creating one's
own license, replete with reference material and a panoply of options
promising to address with the click of a button everything from
Authorized Users to Warranties. - LM
Olsen, Florence. "Archivists Struggle to Preserve Crucial Records as
Paper Gives Way to Pixels" Chronicle of Higher Education 45(9)
(October 22, 1999): A63. - This article provides a good summary of the
dilemma facing archivists, who want to preserve e-information for its
value as primary material. The ephemeral nature of digital information
poses a serious problem over the long term, but that's not news. The
news is that archivists and information technology managers may have
discovered that they both exist in the same world and have related
problems and solutions to share. One can only hope that long term
partnerships between preservationists and technologists will yield
some solutions before the ephemera is marooned in outmoded operating
systems, or other subdirectories in the multi-platform dust bin of
history. - TH
O'Reilly, Tim. "Where the Web Leads Us" xml.com (October 6, 1999)
(http://www.xml.com/pub/1999/10/tokyo.html) - For the latent mark-up
code-monkey in all of us there is xml.com (http://www.xml.com), where,
interspersed amongst hard-core technical articles archived on the
site, there are plenty of useful "how-to's" for beginners or the
curious. I would single out any of Norm Walsh's contributions, e.g. "A
Technical Introduction to XML"
(http://www.xml.com/pub/98/10/guide0.html), or Tim Bray's interactive
annotated XML 1.0 spec
(http://www.xml.com/xml/pub/axml/axmlintro.html). In a similarly
didactic vein, the October 6th issue of xml.com offers a version of a
recent talk given at Linux World by publisher Tim O'Reilly, addressing
how Open Source protocols and tools (TCP/IP, SMTP, BIND, Apache,
HTML/SGML/XML, Perl, Unicode) will continue to shape the future of the
Web. The message is schematically simple: O'Reilly traces the
evolution of the computer/IT industry through a series of paradigm
shifts, first unleashed when IBM released the specs for the PC: from
hardware to software to what he labels infoware, i.e.
information-heavy sites such as Amazon.com or E*Trade, which marry
powerful backends to deceptively rich and simple user interfaces. This
article is also a cautionary tale: lest we dance too ebulliently in the
wake of victories over Goliath, Microsoft has indeed exhibited some
Hydra-like tendencies in its ability to come back and create
applications which target specific open source markets, such as ASP as
a response to Perl/CGI or Exchange Server over against Sendmail. In
another vein, when the "next killer app" is so heavily entrenched in
the open source software which makes the Web possible, we may even
find ourselves facing a new type of proprietary infoware giant and
empire. - LM
Prinsen, Jola G.B. and Hans Geleijnse. "The International Summer
School on the Digital Library" D-Lib Magazine 5(10) (October 1999)
(http://www.dlib.org/dlib/october99/prinsen/10prinsen.html). - In a
field that is in the midst of inventing itself (digital
librarianship), there are few opportunities for instruction and
(re)training of working professionals. The most notable exception is
the International Summer School on the Digital Library, offered for
the past four years at Tilburg University in the Netherlands. In an
interesting and apparently effective fashion, the Tilburg University
Library and Computer Centre jointly launched a commercial venture
(Ticer, at http://www.ticer.com/) to manage the school. But what is
really interesting are the things they've learned. For example, they
found that participants have wanted more opportunity for discussion
despite the increase of group work and discussion sessions each year.
They also found, not surprisingly, that the participants were more
technologically aware and adept each successive year. In addition, as
technical problems recede in the face of an increasing diversity of
"off the shelf" solutions, manager and organizational issues become
more pressing. This is also reflected in the attendance, with the
largest single group being composed of managerial staff (60% hold
middle or upper management positions). - RT
Tidwell, Alan. "The Virtual Agora: Online Ethical Dialogues and
Professional Communities" First Monday 4 (7) (July 5, 1999)
(http://www.firstmonday.org/issues/issue4_7/tidwell/). - Tidwell draws
an analogy between digital forums and the Greek agora, or marketplace,
which was where citizens met to discuss and debate topics of
importance. He asserts that the Net is a new agora, giving voice to
many, and replicating the raucous culture of public debate that was
far more unruly in Greek city states than in most forms of modern
discourse. He extends the metaphor by focusing on the use of Web
technology in fostering and sustaining ethical debates between
professional communities. - TH
_________________________________________________________________
Current Cites 10(10) (October 1999) ISSN: 1060-2356
Copyright (c) 1999 by the Library, University of California,
Berkeley. _All rights reserved._
Copying is permitted for noncommercial use by computerized bulletin
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xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Vol 10. no 11. November 1999
Date: Fri, 3 Dec 1999 11:04:48 -0500
Sender: Solo Librarians Listserv <SOLOLIB-L@LISTSERV.SILVERPLATTER.COM>
From: Gerry Hurley <gerry_hurley@SILVERPLATTER.COM>
Subject: Current Cites - November 1999
Here is the latest issue of Current Cites from PACS-L
Gerry Hurley
_Current Cites_
Volume 10, no. 11 November 1999
The Library University of California, Berkeley
Edited by Teri Andrews Rinne
ISSN: 1060-2356
http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/CurrentCites/1999/cc99.10.11.html
Contributors: Terry Huwe, Michael Levy, Leslie Myrick,
Margaret Phillips, Jim Ronningen, Lisa Rowlison,
Roy Tennant, Lisa Yesson
Carnevale, Dan. "Web Services Help Professors Detect Plagiarism" The
Chronicle of Higher Education
(http://www.chronicle.com/free/v46/i12/12a04901.htm) - The Web has
brought a double-edged sword into conventional and distance-education
classrooms alike: easy access to digital information can mean
increased access to plagiarizable information, whether in the form of
online encyclopedia articles or from the growing online term-paper
market. Moreover, "copying" bits of somebody else's work is now as
arduous as cutting and pasting text. Ironically, the same nexus of
search engines that students use to find articles online can be tapped
by instructors to sniff out those "hauntingly familiar" or "overly
ornate" passages. But while entering the offending phrases into a
text-rich search engine is infinitely easier than a trip to a
bookstore or library to pore through Cliff's Notes or the Encyclopedia
Britannica, most instructors don't have the time to surf for purloined
bits. Enter web entrepreneurship in the shape of companies such as
Plagiarism.org, or IntegriGuard.com, which maintain databases of
papers culled from various sources; the former also offers to send
papers through a multiple search-engine gamut. Plagiarism.org's
resulting originality report highlights suspect passages of eight
words or more and provides a link to the web text it matches. In the
manner of a badly concealed speed-trap, prevention may lie at least
partially in the fact that professors openly register their students
and in some cases students upload their own papers for scrutiny.
Astonishingly, however, despite fair warning, in one early case study
in a class held at UC Berkeley, some 45 papers out of a total of 320
were found to contain "suspicious passages". - LM
Coombs, Norman. "Enabling Technologies: New Patrons: New Challenges"
Library Hi Tech 17(2) (1999): 207-210. - In his regular column on
enabling technologies for the "print disabled"- those who are dyslexic
and those who cannot hold and manipulate books - Coombs aims to
highlight the hardware and software tools that libraries need utilize
in order to make electronic resources accessible to the widest
possible range of users. His aim is to "persuade librarians that
taking on this new task will be a challenge and opportunity rather
than another burden." As a blind professor, Coombs discusses his
initial work with a speech synthesizer to access an online catalog
through to the capability to read web documents. In particular he
discusses IBMs most recent web browser for special needs patrons
called Home Page Reader Version 2.0. Using the numeric keypad and a
combination of individual other keys the user can send commands to the
program. What makes HPR more useful than simple screen readers is that
it allows for comprehensive HTML handling and navigation, so that it
will deal with frames, tables, forms list and menus. Unlike regular
screen readers it actually examines the HTML code itself but
unfortunately does not handle Java. In Coombs informative review he
has effectively highlighted some issues that should be of concern to
all librarians. - ML
Ganesan, Ravi. "The Messyware Advantage" Communications of the ACM
42(11) (November 1999) - Librarians and other information organizers,
take heart - we're messyware and we're indispensable. Playing devil's
advocate, the author starts by describing the Internet commerce
scenario which so many digital pundits espoused not long ago: a direct
link between producer and consumer, with the hated middleman
eliminated. In questioning why the opposite seems to be happening when
we place a high value on a new kind of dot-com middleman such as
Amazon or Yahoo, he introduces his concept of messyware, which he
describes as "the sum of the institutional subject area knowledge,
experienced human capital, core business practices, service, quality
focus and IT assets required to run any business." Why the term
"messyware"? While a software solution may be all you need when
systems are running perfectly, real life tends to get messy. (The
photographs accompanying the text get this point across admirably.
They depict people on a rainy streetcorner buying cheap umbrellas from
a roving umbrella salesman. Thanks to this middleman, they are getting
exactly what they need, when and where they need it, and would
certainly not benefit by cutting out the middleman and going directly
to the source.) Ganesan, bless him, uses libraries as an example of
the value of expert intermediation which can deal with the infomess.
His primary focus is on business, but there is plenty to ponder here
for all information professionals, including strategic pointers for
leveraging the messyware advantage. This article is just one of many
fascinating pieces on information discovery, the issue's special
theme. - JR
Jones, Michael L. W., Geri K. Gay, and Robert H. Rieger. "Project
Soup: Comparing Evaluations of Digital Collection Efforts" D-Lib
Magazine (November 1999)
(http://www.dlib.org/dlib/november99/11jones.html). - The Human
Computer Interaction Group at Cornell University has been evaluating
particular digital library and museum projects since 1995. In this
article they discuss their findings related to five projects (three
museum and two library). Their conclusions include: Effective digital
collections are complex sociotechnical systems; Involve stakeholders
early; Backstage, content and usability issues are highly
interdependent; Background issues should be "translucent" vs.
transparent; Determine collection organization, copyright, and
quantity goals around social, not technical or political, criteria;
Design around moderate but increasing levels of hardware and user
expertise; "Market" the collection to intended and potential user
groups; and, Look elsewhere for new directions. - RT
Lewis, Peter H. "Picking the Right Data Superhighway" New York Times
(http://www.nytimes.com/library/tech/99/11/circuits/articles/11band.ht
ml) - For surfers seeking that tubular high-bandwidth download, there
is now more than one wave to catch (depending, of course, on
availability), each with its own advantages and pitfalls. This article
examines three modes of high-bandwidth Internet service: cable modem,
DSL and satellite data services. Lewis was in the lucky position
(Austin, TX; expense account) to test all three, using as his criteria
speed, performance, price, security, and choice of ISP services. His
assessment(your results may vary): while any of the three is
preferable to an analog modem insofar as the connection is always on,
satellite data services can be easily factored out for all but the
most remotely situated users due to huge financial outlays, from
hardware to installation to monthly fees and possible phone charges to
distant ISP providers. Speed is also an issue, at a "measly" 400 kbps.
Cable modems, while they offer theoretically the speediest of
connections: (30 mbps possible), suffer from "Jekyl-and-Hyde"-like
yawls in performance, since cable is a shared resource. The more
neighbors to whom you gloat over your wealth of bandwidth, the worse
it will become. A more likely figure is 1 mbps. You may also find you
have security concerns. DSL, on the other hand, has a dedicated line,
so there are no security problems. But it is hands down the costlier
alternative. Moreover, outside of a radius of 17,500 feet from the
phone company's central office (or about 3 miles), performance suffers
significantly, unless you are willing to pay extravagant sums. Data is
loaded at somewhat slower speeds than cable's best numbers: download
can run from 384 kbps to 1.5 mbps, with upload consistently logy at
128kbps. All these considerations aside, Lewis goes with DSL. The
deciding factor is often in the details: having to deal with the
telephone company vs the cable company, the choice of ISPs (in the
case of cable modems, practically nonexistent), and so on. - LM
Malik, Om. "How Google is That?" Forbes Magazine
(http://www.forbes.com/tool/html/99/oct/1004/feat.htm) Walker, Leslie.
".COM-LIVE" (The Washington Post Interview with Sergey Brin, founder
and CEO of Google)
(http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/liveonline/business/walker/
walker110499.htm) - For those users of the recently-launched search
engine Google (http://www.google.com/) who have consistently found its
searching and ranking facilities spot on, and wondered, "How do they
DO that?", two recent articles offer some answers; but the algorithm
remains a mystery. With the backing of the two biggest venture capital
firms in the Silicon Valley, and a PC farm of 2000 computers, another
boy-wonder team out of Stanford has revolutionized indexing and
searching the Web. The results have been so satisfying that Google
processes some 4 million queries a day. Google, whose name is based on
a whimsical variant of googol, i.e. a 1 followed by 100 zeroes, claims
to be one of the few search engines poised to handle the googolous
volume of the Web, estimated to be increasing by 1.5 million new pages
daily. It uses a patented search algorithm (PageRank technology) based
not on keywords, but on hypertext and link analysis. Critics describe
the ranking system as "a popularity contest"; the Google help page
prefers to characterize it in terms of democratic "vote-casting" by
one page for another (well, some votes "count more" than others ...).
Basically, sites are ranked according to the number and importance of
the pages that link to it. In a typical crawl, according to Brin,
Google reads 200 million webpages and factors in 3 billion links.
Decidedly NOT a portal, when Google came out of beta in late September
the only substantive change made to the fast-loading white page
inscribed with the company name and a single query textbox was a
polished new logo. A helpful newish feature is Googlescout, which
offers links to information related to any given search result. There
are also specialized databases of US government and Linux resources.
It appears that the refreshing lack of advertising on its search page
will not last forever: in the works is a text-based (rather than
banner-based) "context-sensitive" advertising scheme, generated
dynamically from any given query. - LM
Miller, Robert. "Cite-Seeing in New Jersey" American Libraries 30(10)
(November 1999): 54-57. - Tracking down fragmentary citations or
hard-to-locate material is a classic library service. But in this
piece Miller highlights how the tools for performing this service have
changed. Classic citation-tracking resources are still used, but now
the Web can be used as well. A few interesting anecdotes illustrate
how a little imagination, experience, and perseverance can make the
Internet cough up the answer when the usual resources fail. Miller
illustrates how the best librarians are those who can absorb new tools
into their workflow as they become available, and therefore become
more effective at their job. - RT
netConnect. Supplement to Library Journal October 15, 1999. This very
slim but incredibly pithy supplement to LJ is modestly subtitled "The
Librarian's Link to the Internet". I doubt anyone needs this
publication to get online, but the point is taken. It is aimed at
bringing focused information regarding the Internet to LJ's audience.
And if this first issue is any indication, they will be successful
doing it. Contributions to this issue include Clifford Lynch on
e-books (an absolute must-read for anyone interested in this
technology), a couple pieces by Sara Weissman, co-moderator of the
PubLib discussion, an article on net laws from an attorney at the
Missouri Attorney General's Office, a practical article on creating
low-bandwidth web images without sacrificing quantity and quality, and
an article on Web-based multimedia from Pat Ensor, among others. This
is a solid publication that I cannot wait to see again. Disclosure
statement: I am a Library Journal columnist. - RT
Pitti, Daniel. "Encoded Archival Description: An Introduction and
Overview" D-Lib Magazine (November 1999)
(http://www.dlib.org/dlib/november99/11pitti.html). - Encoded Archival
Description (EAD) is a draft standard SGML/XML Document Type
Definition (DTD) for online archival finding aids. In this overview
article, the father of EAD explains what it is, why it exists, and
what future developments may lie in store. - RT
Planning Digital Projects for Historical Collections in New York State
New York: New York State Library, New York Public Library, 1999
(http://digital.nypl.org/brochure/). - This brochure serves as a
useful high-level introduction to digitizing historical collections.
Following a brief history of New York Public Library's digitization
projects, it dives into the heart of the matter -- planning a
digitization project. Main sections include: What does a digital
project involve?; Why undertake a digital project?; How to plan for
digital projects; How to select collections and materials for a digital
project; How to organize information; and, How to deliver materials
effectively. A brief list of resources is also included. Before
getting started in such a project you will need to do much more
reading than this, but it nonetheless is a useful place to start -- in
either it's print or web format. - RT
Seadle, Michael. "Copyright in the Networked World: Email Attachments"
Library Hi Tech 17(2) (1999): 217-221. - Seadle takes two commonplace
uses of copying and evaluates whether they are legally acceptable in a
digital environment. He gives a brief overview of the four keys test
for determining "fair use" before discussing the specific cases. The
first case is that of a faculty member distributing via email an
article from the online interactive edition of the Wall Street Journal
to his entire class. He had previously done similar things with the
print version of the Journal and felt that this new use was still fair
use. Unfortunately it would appear that the ability to make a full and
perfect reproduction of a digital document destroys any barriers to
further copying by students and would invalidate a fair use
justification of this practice. In the second scenario a reference
librarian sends via email a list of citations and full-text articles
to a patron from the FirstSearch database. The librarian decided that
if she deleted her copy of the downloaded documents that the end user
would be complying with specific language in the database allowing for
the downloading and storing documents for no more than 90 days. The
differences are the librarian is sending the information to one person
and not to a class, and the patron could have found the articles
himself. So in essence the library was making an allowable copy for
the user. Seadle admits that his arguments are not conclusive or
exhaustive but in a clear way he outlines two interesting, yet normal
copyright situations facing librarians and faculty. - ML
"Tomorrow's Internet" The Economist 353 (8145) (November 13, 1999):23.
(http://www.economist.com/editorial/freeforall/19991113/index_sa0324.html)
- The cover story of this issue of The Economist focuses on the
aftermath of the now-notorious "findings of fact" in the Microsoft
antitrust case. This related article describes in detail the emerging,
network-intensive style of computing that may reduce or eliminate the
need for costly operating systems like Windows. Look no further for a
balanced treatment of the forces behind "open system" computing, "thin
clients", netcomputers and the like. As with all their technology
reporting, the editors rely on plain English and disdain technobabble.
- TH
_________________________________________________________________
Current Cites 10(11) (November 1999) ISSN: 1060-2356
Copyright (c) 1999 by the Library, University of California,
Berkeley. _All rights reserved._
Copying is permitted for noncommercial use by computerized bulletin
board/conference systems, individual scholars, and libraries.
Libraries are authorized to add the journal to their collections at no
cost. This message must appear on copied material. All commercial use
requires permission from the editor. All product names are trademarks
or registered trade marks of their respective holders. Mention of a
product in this publication does not necessarily imply endorsement of
the product. To subscribe to the Current Cites distribution list, send
the message "sub cites [your name]" to listserv@library.berkeley.edu,
replacing "[your name]" with your name. To unsubscribe, send the
message "unsub cites" to the same address. Editor: Teri Andrews Rinne,
trinne@library. berkeley.edu.
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Volume 11, No 3, March 2000
> From: Gerry Hurley <gerry_hurley@SILVERPLATTER.COM>
> To: SOLOLIB-L@LISTSERV.SILVERPLATTER.COM
> Subject: Current Cites March 2000
> Date: Saturday, 1 April 2000 6:27
>
> Hi Solos,
> Here's the latest issue of Current Cites
> Gerry Hurley
>
> _Current Cites_
> Volume 11, no. 3, March 2000
> Edited by Teri Andrews Rinne
>
> The Library, University of California, Berkeley, 94720
> ISSN: 1060-2356 -
> http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/CurrentCites/2000/cc00.11.3.html
>
> Contributors: Terry Huwe, Michael Levy, Leslie Myrick,
> Margaret Phillips, Jim Ronningen, Lisa Rowlison, Roy Tennant
>
> Arms, William Y. Digital Libraries MIT Press, Cambridge, MA: 2000. -
> As the founder of D-Lib Magazine, Arms certainly has enough
> credentials to attempt this book. The problem is that it's clear that
> he hasn't ever had to keep the doors of a real library open. The book
> is a hodge-podge of history, technologies, and research projects, but
> by the end you may not be any clearer about how to build functional
> digital library collections and services, and you certainly won't have
> any idea about how to integrate digital library collections with
> existing print ones, or virtual services with actual ones. As an
> overview, it may be useful to have a brief explanation of a particular
> technology, but it would help if some criteria for decisionmaking were
> included. The index is overly selective. - RT
>
> Cliff, Peter. "The Oxford English Dictionary Online"
> (http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue23/oed-review/) and New, Juliet.
> "'The World's Greatest Dictionary' Goes Online,"
> (http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue23/oed-online/) Ariadne Issue 23
> (March 23, 2000). See also free tour of the online OED at
> http://oed.com/tour/. - The UKOLN-based journal Ariadne features two
> informative articles covering the March 14th release of the OED Online
> Edition, one an announcement from a member of the OED team, and the
> other a user survey by a member of UKOLN staff. The venerable Oxford
> English Dictionary now exists in three recensions: the original
> fascicles spanning the period from 1884 to 1928; a 1989 second
> edition, which consolidated further supplemental entries, but without
> revising extant materials; and now an online version, the fruit of a
> core group of about 300 OED staff, with technical support from
> Stanford-based High Wire Press. The OED Online will benefit from a
> 20-year, 55-million-dollar program of revision, which will take into
> account recent advances in research, for instance, in the field of
> etymology. It will also encompass the addition of some 9000 words
> researched over the last decade, an ambitious 3000 new words per
> quarter during the year 2000, and untold thousands more through to the
> end of the revision period, in 2010. Planned additions could actually
> double the dictionary's present length. Whereas dictionary thumbers
> might well bewail the curtailment of browsability and of the joys of
> serendipitous discovery (only one word can be accessed on screen at a
> time), the online OED promises to compensate with wildly increased
> accessibility and searching through hyperlinks, full-text search with
> wildcard features, and synonym finders. Some solace to dictionary
> browsers may be found in the 25 side-barred links provided to entries
> in direct proximity to the queried word, according to how they were
> sorted: alphabetically, chronologically, and so on. Another nice
> feature, of interest to historical lexicographers and others, is the
> ability to compare the treatment of any given lexeme amongst the three
> different editions. The major downside seems to be that the licensing
> costs for such a gargantuan undertaking are bound to be, in a word,
> prohibitive, starting at $550/individual, $795/institutional. - LM
>
> Coyle, Karen. "The Virtual Union Catalog: A Comparative Study"
> D-Lib Magazine 6(3) (March 2000) and Dovey, Matthew J. "So You
> Want to Build a Union Catalogue?" Ariadne 23 (March 2000)
> (http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue23/dovey/). - These two articles both
> look at how libraries can create union catalogs -- either virtually
> (simultaneous searching of multiple catalog systems) or physically.
> Dovey covers differences between the two models, and identifies where
> each is relatively good or bad. Coyle's piece is the outcome of a
> recent effort to decide how best to replace the aging MELVYL
> catalog, the crowning achievement of the University of California
> libraries. In testing a possible virtual union catalog replacement for
> MELVYL, Coyle identified four areas that would require more testing
> and analysis before determining if a virtual union catalog could
> replace MELVYL: 1) database consistency and search accuracy (searches
> of different catalog systems must retrieve comparable items), 2)
> system availability (individual systems must be available 24x7), 3)
> capacity planning for campus OPACs and the network (a virtual union
> catalog would place a heavier load on campus network infrastructure),
> and 4) sorting, merging, and duplicate removal. - RT
>
> Gladney, Henry M. "Are Intellectual Property Rights a Digital
> Dilemma? Controversial Topics and International Aspects" iMP:
> Information Impacts Magazine (February 2000)
> (http://www.cisp.org/imp/february_2000/02_00gladney.htm) - As one of
> the Committee members who authored the report "The Digital
> Dilemma: Intellectual Property in the Information Age" (see:
> http://books.nap.edu/html/digital_dilemma/) published by the Computer
> Science and Telecommunications Board (CSTB), Gladney's article touches
> on topical aspects of the Report which did not reach Committee
> consensus. In an intellectually biting tone Gladney brings to light
> some of the controversial issues surrounding intellectual property
> rights, and takes a non-partisan role in exposing some of the rhetoric
> of both copyright maximalists as well as copyright minimalists.
> Sections on the ideological meanings of copyright, the limits of fair
> use, distinctions between private use and piracy, and viewing
> copyrighted materials in light of the 1997 No Electronic Theft (NET)
> Act make for engaging reading. For example, as Gladney points out,
> loading a copyrighted work into RAM for viewing via the web
> constitutes a "copy" of copyrighted material and as such, users may
> unwittingly be in violation of section 506(a)(2) of the Act -- which
> calls for fines and imprisonment. However, examples such as this
> explify the reasoning behind the Committee's conclusion that
> legislative remedies ought to hold off in favor of accumulating
> further experience with both digital IP issues and technological
> solutions/developments. Gladney's examples of copyright conundrums and
> his articulate explication of their surrounding legal environment
> makes this a valuable and easy to read article. Additionally, the
> international treatment of the subject creates a broader context in
> which to view the U.S. stance. A significant bibliography points users
> to most of the key articles, papers, and reports on the subject. - LR
>
> Morrison, Alan, Michael Popham, and Karen Wikander. "Creating and
> Documenting Electronic Texts: A Guide to Good Practice" AHDS Guides to
> Good Practice. London: Arts and Humanities Data Service, 2000
> (http://ota.ahds.ac.uk/documents/creating/). - Every publication I've
> seen to come out of the Arts and Humanities Data Service has been
> top-notch. This one is no different, and in fact should stand as one
> of the best explications of digitizing textual material for some time
> to come. The completely online publication takes you from initial
> considerations (analysing the text) through digitization and markup to
> documentation and metadata. The staff of the Oxford Text Archive
> have been doing this since well before the web, and their experience
> shows. If you're digitizing textual material, run, don't walk to the
> one resource that will help you more than any other. - RT
>
> Museums and the Web 2000. International Conference by Archives and
> Museum Informatics, Pittsburgh, PA.
> (http://www.archimuse.com/mw2000/). - This web site epitomizes one of
> the great things about the web. Here is a conference, which at the
> time of this writing hasn't happened yet, and meanwhile most of the
> papers of the presenters (over 45 of them) are available online. Those
> of us who can't make it to the conference can nonetheless attend
> "virtually," albeit without the hallway chats and in-person networking
> over drinks. If you have anything to do with a Museum web site, the
> papers here will be interesting and informative. If you have anything
> to do with a web site at all, there may still be something of use here
> as well. If you are interested in past papers presented at this
> conference, see http://www.archimuse.com/mw.html. - RT
>
> Peterson, Ivars. "Beyond Hits and Page Views" JEP: THe Journal
> of Electronic Publishing 5 (3) (March 2000)
> (http://www.press.umich.edu/jep/05-03/peterson.html) - Most articles
> about web log analysis portray it as a powerful tool in the hands of
> e-commerce marketers, but Peterson has shown how it can also be
> fruitfully wielded in the hands of scholarly journal editors. This
> article is a particularly good read for any scholarly publisher whose
> interest in log analysis might stop short at a tally of hits and page
> views to add pleasing statistics to a grant report. Peterson, the
> online editor of Science News Online
> (http://www.sciencenews.org/), has demonstrated here how careful
> analysis of daily traffic logs has helped him to tailor the content of
> his site to provide timely delivery of relevant information to his
> audience and thereby ensure repeat visitors. For instance, the perusal
> of log analysis reports can give a picture of the amount of time spent
> during a visit, in order to ascertain which articles are being most
> carefully read, or perhaps whether users are reading onscreen or
> printing pages to read later. On a different level, they can also be
> used to track a visitor's trails through a site, or from a referring
> site to one's own. In the former case, analyses can be made of site
> architecture; in the latter, one can get a sense of who is linking to
> one's site. This sort of exercise can produce amusing results, e.g.
> the discovery that a perfume company was providing a busy link to a
> Science News article on pheromones. - LM
>
> Rosenzweig, Roy. "The Riches of Hypertext for Scholarly Journals"
> The Chronicle of Higher Education (March 17, 2000
> (http://chronicle.com/free/v46/i28/28b00401.htm) - Rosenzweig,
> Director of the Center for History and New Media (CHNM) at George
> Mason University (http://chnm.gmu.edu/), a collaboration between GMU
> and the American Social History Project at the CUNY Center for Media
> and Learning, uses experiences gained from various CHNM projects to
> map the face and the direction of the new digital media. Because of
> the extended and comfy-chair-seeking readerly shelf-life of humanities
> scholarship (over against, say, physics or medicine), coupled with the
> uncomfortable experience of onscreen reading, Rosenzweig does not
> foresee cyberjournals replacing their print analogues anytime soon,
> but rather, standing as a "digital supplement." With reference to
> Janet H. Murray's formulation, in Hamlet on the Holodeck: The Future
> of Narrative in Cyberspace, of hypertext's potential for additive and
> expressive form, Rosenzweig explores what, exactly, cyberjournals
> allow us to do differently from print journals, culling examples from
> CHNM-sponsored projects. It has been clear from the beginning that
> online scholarship can offer more -- more material behind every
> hyperlink, and a far wider field of dissemination. This primarily
> additive aspect is well demonstrated by the Interpretation of the
> Declaration of Independence Through Translation project
> (http://chnm.gmu.edu/declaration/), which serves as a prime model of
> Rosenzweig's conception of hypermedia as archival "digital
> supplement." Whether online journals can achieve something radically
> different has been explored in an American Quarterly project
> (http://chnm.gmu.edu/aq/) featuring four experimental hyper-essays
> ("Dreaming Arnold Schwarzeneggar" especially stands out) which all, in
> their own way, press the envelope of scholarly form. In the end, as
> Rosenzweig suggests, it would seem that at some level, more =
> different. The images he conjures to describe how cyberjournals will
> look and function -- clone, hybrid, digital supplement -- foreground
> the potent marginality of media which promise, as he claims, to
> rewrite the scholarly social contract between readers and writers. -
> LM
>
> Wurman, Richard Saul. Understanding USA
> (http://www.understandingusa.com/) Newport, RI: TED Conferences, 1999.
> - This work, as complete on the web as it is in print, manages to
> embody some of what's best and worst about the latest uses of
> information technology. Wurman, who refers to himself as an
> information architect, envisioned a project which would address a
> perceived overabundance of data about the United States and come up
> with graphical ways to clarify the information, leading to a greater
> understanding. Picture a standard reference title such as The
> Statistical Abstract of the United States
> (http://www.census.gov/statab/www/) worked over by a group of
> creative, cutting-edge designers, skilled in information display
> through computer graphics and typography. Visually stimulating it is,
> with a wide variety of pictorial representations for statistics in
> demographics, government spending, crime, etc. Desktop computing power
> has vastly increased the realm of possibilities for designers, and
> here that's clearly a double-edged sword: it's become very easy to use
> this wide array of tools to promote subjective interpretation and
> selective emphasis, which are common in this work and take away from
> its credibility. Statistics taken out of their original context and
> given visual prominence take on an aura of being 'more true.' For
> example, on a page about information anxiety, close to a picture of a
> woman holding her head, is the debatable assertion that "75% to 90% of
> all visits to physicians are stress-related," accompanied by the
> skimpy citation "National Mental Health Association, 1997." It's there
> in boldface, in something which claims to be a reference work,
> encouraging the reader to take it at face value. But if you have some
> doubts (like maybe this notion is predicated upon some hypothetical,
> impossibly stress-free world of no hunger, war, debt, divorce or
> traffic jams) there's no context here to help you -- you'll have to
> dig elsewhere. In a brief, laudatory article titled "Information
> as if Understanding Mattered"
> (http://www.fastcompany.com/online/32/benchmark.html) in the March
> 2000 issue of Fast Company (http://www.fastcompany.com/homepage/)
> magazine, one of the designers, Nancye Green, is quoted thus: "People
> don't care about cold facts. They care about pictures or stories that
> are connected to themselves in some way. That's what learning is all
> about. That's what leads to understanding." The phrase 'dumbing down'
> comes to mind here, but maybe that's a little harsh. Those of us who
> help people find information know that they do indeed want cold facts,
> including numbers, and they want them complete, accurate and
> verifiable. For people doing such research, the fact that a dataset
> can be rendered now as a graphic resembling some multicolored mutant
> eggplant may be amusing, but not highly useful. So take a look at this
> collision of information technology, statistics and graphics, but
> don't expect a reputable scholarly resource. Treat it as
> great-looking, browsable infotainment. - JR
> _________________________________________________________________
>
> Current Cites 11(3) (March 2000) ISSN: 1060-2356
> Copyright © 2000 by the Library, University of California, Berkeley.
> All rights reserved.
>
> Copying is permitted for noncommercial use by computerized bulletin
> board/conference systems, individual scholars, and libraries.
> Libraries are authorized to add the journal to their collections at no
> cost. This message must appear on copied material. All commercial use
> requires permission from the editor. All product names are trademarks
> or registered trade marks of their respective holders. Mention of a
> product in this publication does not necessarily imply endorsement of
> the product. To subscribe to the Current Cites distribution list, send
> the message "sub cites [your name]" to
> listserv@library.berkeley.edu, replacing "[your name]" with your
> name. To unsubscribe, send the message "unsub cites" to the same
> address. Editor: Teri Andrews Rinne, trinne@library. berkeley.edu.
_________________________________________________________________________
Date: Mon, 18 Oct 1999 15:30:11 -0400
Sender: "ASIS-L: American Society for Information Science"
<ASIS-L@asis.org>
From: Richard Hill <rhill@asis.org>
Subject: The October 1999 issue of D-Lib Magazine is now available
The October 1999 issue of D-Lib Magazine is now available at
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/october99/10contents.html. This month's issue
contains six stories, four items for the 'In Brief' column and a
generous selection of 'Clips and Pointers'. The Featured Collection for
the October issue is Molecular Expressions. Please take time to visit
and enjoy this educational and fun interactive web-based collection on
the topic of optical microscopy.
A few words may be in order regarding two of the six excellent stories
in this month's issue:
1) In the story about reference linking by Herbert Van de Sompel and
Patrick Hochstenbach, there are links to several executable files that
can be downloaded, if you wish. These files contain screencams, and
because some of these files are quite large (13 MB - 52 MB), the authors
have provided a notation containing the size of each file beside the
link to it. Please note that there is no audio with any of the
screencams.
2) Diann Rusch-Feja and Uta Siebeky have written a story about their
evaluation of usage and acceptance of electronic journals that
summarizes a very detailed report -- also published in this issue -- to
which readers may link from within the summarized version. Please look
for the link, 'Full Report' at the end of the second paragraph of their
story, or go directly to
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/october99/rusch-feja/10rusch-feja-full-report.html.
Stories in the October 1999 issue of D-Lib Magazine include:
Digital Image Distribution: A Study of Costs and Uses
Howard Besser, University of California, Los Angeles
Reference linking in a hybrid library environment. Part 3: Generalizing
the SFX solution in the "SFX@Ghent & SFX@LANL" experiment
Herbert Van de Sompel, Los Alamos National Library and Patrick
Hochstenbach, University of Ghent
Semantic Research for Digital Libraries
Hsinchun Chen, University of Arizona
Multilingual Information Discovery and AccesS (MIDAS)
Douglas Oard, University of Maryland; Carol Peters, Consiglio Nazionale
delle Ricerche; Miguel Ruiz, University of Iowa; Robert Frederking,
Carnegie Mellon University; Judith Klavans, Columbia University; Páraic
Sheridan, TextWise LLC
Evaluation of Usage and Acceptance of Electronic Journals: Results of an
Electronic Survey of Max Planck Society Researchers including Usage
Statistics from Elsevier, Springer, and Academic Press
Diann Rusch-Feja, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, and Uta
Siebeky, Fritz Habor Institute
The International Summer School on the Digital Library: Experiences and
Plans for the Future
Jola G.B. Prinsen, Ticer B.V., and Hans Geleijnse, Tilburg University
Library
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
DECEMBER 1999
Date: Thu, 16 Dec 1999 14:46:01 -0500
Sender: "ASIS-L: American Society for Information Science"
<ASIS-L@asis.org>
From: Richard Hill <rhill@asis.org>
Subject: The December 1999 issue of D-Lib Magazine is now available.
[Forwarded. Note the article "Digital Dilemma: Intellectual Property...."
a plenary session at the Annual Meeting. Dick Hill]
Greetings:
The December 1999 issue of D-Lib Magazine is now available at
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/december99/12contents.html. This month's issue
contains an opinion piece, four stories, six items for the 'In Brief'
column, and a generous selection of 'Clips and Pointers'. The Featured
Collection for the December issue is Roman History, Coins, and
Technology Back Pages from Jay King at San Jose State University.
The opinion piece is:
Free at Last: The Future of Peer-Reviewed Journals
by Stevan Harnad, University of Southampton
Stories in the December 1999 issue of D-Lib Magazine include:
Digital Dilemma: Intellectual Property: Synopsis and Views on the Study
by the National Academies' Committee on Intellectual Property Rights and
the Emerging Information Infrastructure
by Henry M. Gladney, IBM Almaden Research Center
The ERCIM Technical Reference Digital Library: Meeting the Requirements
of a European Community within an International Federation
by Antonella Andreoni, Maria Bruna Baldacci, Stefania Biagioni,
Carlo Carlesi, Donatella Castelli, Pasquale Pagano, Carol Peters, and
Serena Pisani, Istituto di Elaborzione della Informazione, Consiglio
Nazionale della Ricerche
International Information Gateway Collaboration: Report of the First
IMesh Framework Workshop
by Lorcan Dempsey, Tracy Gardner, and Michael Day UKOLN and Titia van
der Werf, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, National Library of the Netherlands
The Standards Fora for Online Education
by Paul Bacsich, Sheffield Hallam University; Andy Heath, Sheffield
Hallam University and Open University; Paul Lefrere, Open University;
Paul Miller, UKOLN; and Kevin Riley Fretwell-Downing Education
And the six brief items are:
Networked Delivery of Moving Images: The Imagination/Universities
Network Pilot Project
by Catherine Owen, University of Glasgow
New Site Established for Major Scientific Electronic Archive
by Martin Blume, American Physical Society
The Resource Discovery Network
by Lorcan Dempsey University of Bath and Gillian Austen, JISC Assist
The Frye Leadership Institute
by Susan Rosenblatt, Frye Leadership Institute
New Discussion List for Electronic Collection Managers: e-collections
by Alicia Wise, King's College London
Preserving Access to Digital Information
by Hilary Berthon, National Library of Australia
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
MARCH 2000
Date: Thu, 16 Mar 2000 10:07:14 -0500
From: Richard Hill <rhill@asis.org>
To: asis-l@asis.lib.indiana.edu
Subject: ASIS-L: The March 2000 Issue of D-Lib Magazine is now available.
Greetings:
The March 2000 issue of D-Lib Magazine http://www.dlib.org/ is now
available. The table of contents is at
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/march00/03contents.html. This month's issue
features four stories, seven 'In Brief' items, and a generous selection
of 'Clips and Pointers'. The Featured Collection for the March issue is
the American Memory Historical Collections from the National Digital
Library.
D-Lib has mirror sites at the following locations:
UKOLN: The UK Office for Library and Information Networking, Bath,
England
<http://hosted.ukoln.ac.uk/mirrored/lis-journals/dlib/>
The Australian National University Sunsite, Canberra, Australia
<http://sunsite.anu.edu.au/mirrors/dlib>
State Library of Lower Saxony and the University Library of G=F6ettingen,
G=F6ettingen, Germany
<http://webdoc.sub.gwdg.de/edoc/aw/d-lib/>
Universidad de Belgrano, Buenos Aires, Argentina
<http://www.dlib.org.ar>
Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
<http://dlib.ejournal.ascc.net/>
(If the mirror site closest to you is not displaying the March issue of
D-Lib Magazine at this time, please check back later. There is a delay
between the time of the magazine is released in the United States and
the time when the mirroring process has been completed.)
The stories in the March 2000 issue of D-Lib Magazine are:
Search Middleware and the Simple Digital Library Interoperability
Protocol:
Andreas Paepcke, Stanford University; Robert Brandriff, California
Digital Library; Greg Janee, University of California at Santa Barbara;
Ray Larson, University of California at Berkeley; Bertram Ludaescher,
San Diego Supercomputer Center; Sergey Melnik and Sriram Raghavan,
Stanford University
Meeting the Challenge of Film Research in the Electronic Age
Catherine Owen, Tony Pearson, and Stephen Arnold, Performing Arts Data
Service, University of Glasgow
Collection-Based Persistent Digital Archives - Part 1
Reagan Moore, Chaitan Baru, Arcot Rajasekar, Bertram Ludascher, Richard
Marciano, Michael Wan, Wayne Schroeder, and Amarnath Gupta, San Diego
Supercomputer Center
The Virtual Union Catalog: A Comparative Study
Karen Coyle, California Digital Library
The 'In Brief' items are:
New Millennium, New SOSIG
Justine Kitchen, Resource Discovery Network Centre
XMLMARC Conversion Software Released
Dick R. Miller, Stanford University
Oxord English Dictionary Goes Online
Juliet New, Oxford English Dictionary
New Media Scholarship
Steven Totosy, University of Alberta
ACM/IEEE Joint Conference on Digital Libraries
Nabil R. Adam, Rutgers University
JISC Content Developments
Alicia Wise, King's College London
The Art Museum Image Consortium (AMICO) Announces Three New Members for
Start of the New Year
Kelly Richmond, AMICO
This month, we have also made the D-Lib Magazine Author Guidelines
publicly available. You will find a link to the Guidelines on the Table
of Contents page.
Bonnie Wilson
Managing Editor
D-Lib Magazine
EXPLOIT INTERACTIVE
Date: Wed, 12 Jan 2000 12:24:26 -0000
Reply-To: Brian Kelly <b.kelly@ukoln.ac.uk>
Sender: International Federation of Library Associations mailing list <IFLA-L@INFOSERV.NLC-BNC.CA>
Subject: Exploit Interactive issue 4 is now available
Exploit Interactive issue 4 is now available at the URL:
http://www.exploit-lib.org/issue4/
Exploit Interactive is a web magazine, funded by the European
Commission's Telematics for Libraries programme.
This issue contains a number of interesting articles on the theme of
"New Services for the New Millennium", including special feature
articles
from Bernard Smith, head of the Cultural Heritage Applications Unit in
the
European Commission, and Steve Coffman, Director of FYI, County of Los
Angeles Public Library on Building Europe's Largest Library.
There are also articles on several Telematics for Libraries projects,
news on CULTIVATE-EU (a Fifth Framework project), conference reports,
etc.
Issue 4 has undergone a technical upgrade. As well as enhancements to
the user interface, we also have enhanced the search interface, provide
a notification service of new issues and have a single page for printing
all articles in the new issue and for browsing all articles in the
current and previous issues.
Issue 5 is due out in April 2000. Please send email to
exploit-editor@ukoln.ac.uk if you would like to contribute or have any
comments on the new issue.
Thanks
Brian Kelly
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Brian Kelly, UK Web Focus
UKOLN, University of Bath, BATH, England, BA2 7AY
Email: b.kelly@ukoln.ac.uk URL: http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/
Homepage: http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/ukoln/staff/b.kelly.html
Phone: 01225 323943 FAX: 01225 826838
__________________________________________________________________________________
FID REVIEW
Date: Mon, 20 Dec 1999 12:50:50 +0100
Reply-To: theresa.stanton@fid.nl
Subject: Re: "Distance Learning: Current Trends, Future Impact" Publication
From: Theresa Stanton <theresa.stanton@fid.nl>
Sender: lis-fid-request@mailbase.ac.uk
Announcement: Special Issue of the FID Review on:
"Distance Education: Current Impact, Future Trends"
now available!
(please excuse cross-posting)
Dear information colleagues,
I am delighted to inform you that a special double issue of the
membership journal of the International Federation for Information and
Documentation (FID) - the FID Review - on the theme "Distance Education:
Current Impact, Future Trends" is now available. The Guest Editor of the
issue is Professor Olugbemiro Jegede of the Open University of Hong Kong
and the issue contains 158 pages of 28 peer-reviewed papers, including
(among others):
- The Developing World and the Future of Open and Distance Education by
Professor S.W. Tam of the Open University of Hong Kong;
- A Look to the Future by Sir John Daniel, Vice Chancellor, Open
University, UK;
- The Notion of a "Classroom" and the necessary infrastructure to
support Distance Education in the Future by Molly Corbett Broad,
President, The University of North Carolina, USA and ICDE;
- Distance Education: Current Impact, Future Trends - A View by
Professor Gajaraj Dhanarajan, President and CEO, The Commonwealth of
Learning (COL), Canada;
- Library and Information Science Distance Education in India: Problems
and Prospects by Dr Jagtar Singh of Panjabi University, India
- Key Concepts in the Association of College and Research Libraries
(ACRL) Guidelines for Distance Learning Library Services by Harvey Gover
and Jean Caspers, USA
- Quantum Mechanics, Relativity, and the Use of Technology in Open and
Distance Learning by Olugbemiro Jegede, OU of Hong Kong;
- Community Learning Networks: using Technology to enable lifelong
learning by Stan Skrzeszewski, President of the Canadian Library
Association;
- What's New in the Education World? Developments in Online Learning by
Paul Turnbull, Director, Ashridge Online, UK;
- Distance Education in the Caribbean: past, present and future by
Elizabeth Watson and Christine Marrett, University of the West Indies;
- A Glimpse into the Future of Distance Education in Africa by Gbolagade
Adekanmbi, University of Botswana;
- Tertiary Distance Education in Sub-Saharan Africa: current status and
future trends, by Judith M. Roberts and Joan Howard, Canada;
- Can Teaching in a Virtual Classroom Enhance Real Learning? P. Taylor
et al., Curtin University, Australia;
- Building and Using Telepresence Classrooms by Sally Reynolds and Gee
Cammaert, Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium; and,
- Online Class in Library Studies links Native Communities by Amy Stout,
Distance Learning Consultant, USA...
plus an article by Lishan Adam of the Economic Commission for Africa on
"Connectivity and Access for Scientific Communication and Publishing in
Africa" in our regular "Electronic Communications and Networking Column"
Details of the "First Conference on Research in Distance and Adult
Learning in Asia", 21-24 June, 2000, The Open University of Hong Kong,
(www:ouhk.edu.hk/cridal/cridala) are also included in the issue.
One copy of this double issue costs NLG 120 (approximately 65 US
dollars). Should you wish to obtain more information about the issue, or
order a copy directly, please send an email to Theresa Stanton, Editor,
FID Review at:
email: theresa.stanton@fid.nl (Special discount rates are available for
bulk orders).
______________
The International Federation for Information and Documentation (FID) is
recognized as a leader among international, non-governmental,
not-for-profit organizations concerned with information and
documentation activities world wide. Founded in 1895 as the Institut
International de Bibliographie, FID now has institutional and personal
members in more than 75 countries. For more information, visit:
www.fid.nl / FID, P.O. Box 90402, 2509 LK The Hague, Netherlands.
GREYNET'S NEWSLETTER
Date: Tue, 21 Dec 1999 14:34:56 +0100 (MET)
Subject: GreyNet Newsletter, Volume 8, Number 4 1999
Reply-To: NRLib-L@library.lib.usu.edu
Sender: Maiser@library.lib.usu.edu
WE N e w s B r i e f N e w s
WISH Volume 8, Number 4, 1999
YOU A.. ISSN 1389-1812
Bonne Annee Electronic Version
Gott nytt ar
HAPPY NEW YEAR
Felice Anno Nuovo
Gelukkig Nieuwjaar
Prospero Ano Nuevo
Gluckliches Neues Jahr
New
GreyNet
Membership
2 * 0 * 0 * 0
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
CONTENTS: COLUMN:
Link Managers for Grey Literature . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
GL'99 Questionnaire Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
SIG Report on Copyright and Grey Literature . . . . . . . 3
Recommended Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Your New Website Agenda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
First Time GreyNet Membership Offer . . . . . . . . . . . 6
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
EDITORIAL ADDRESS:
GreyNet, Grey Literature Network Service
Koninginneweg 201, 1075 CR Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Tel/Fax: 31-20-671.1818
Email: GreyNet@inter.nl.net
URL: http://www.konbib.nl/infolev/greynet
ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION: 20 EURO'S
___________________________________________________________________________________
INFORMATION RESEARCH
Call for Papers,
Special issue October 2000
Date: Fri, 03 Mar 2000 09:51:56 -0500
From: Amanda Spink <spink@ist.psu.edu>
To: ASIS-L@asis.lib.indiana.edu, nancy.gusack@ucop.edu
Subject: ASIS-L: [Fwd: Special issue of Information Research]
A special issue of Information Research on "Web Research" is scheduled
for publication in October. The issue will be edited by Dr. Amanda
Spink - The Pennsylvania State University (Regional Editor for North
America) and Dr. Dietmar Wolfram from the University of
Wisconsin-Milwaukee.
Anyone interested in submitting a paper should contact Dr.
Spink(spink@ist.psu.edu) or Dr. Wolfram (dwolfram@csd.uwm.edu) as soon
as possible, with a view to submitting a final version of their paper by
1st June 2000.
Information Research can be found at:
http://www.shef.ac.uk/~is/publications/infres/ircont.html
Professor Tom Wilson
Editor, Information Research
Volume 5 No 4 – Call for papers
Return-path:
<t.d.wilson@sheffield.ac.uk>
From: "Professor Tom
Wilson" <t.d.wilson@sheffield.ac.uk>
Date: Tue, 28 Mar 2000 17:41:46
+0100
First my usual Call for Papers for the next issue
of the journal, which will be Volume 5
Number 4. That issue will appear in
July and papers (refereed or working) should be sent to our Regional Editors or to myself, following
the {HYPERLINK "http://www.shef.ac.uk/uni/academic/I-M/is/publication
s/infres/author1.html"}Instructions to Authors.
Note also that we now have an international {HYPERLINK "http://www.shef.ac.uk/~is/publications/infres/EdBoard .html"}Editorial Board and if one of the
people on the Board is close to you,
contact him or her about submitting a paper. We are willing, of course, to consider papers from anywhere in
the world, not simply those from the
regions indicated. I act as General
Editor and will accept submissions from Western Europe, the Middle and Far East, and Australasia.
Another issue, April 2001
April 2001 will be on aspects of intellectual
property in the digital age and will be edited by Prof. Charles
Oppenheim of the University of Loughborough.
If you are interested in submitting a paper, please contact
Charles - his e-mail address is:
C.Oppenheim@lboro.ac.uk
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Vol 5, No 1.
From:
t.d.wilson@sheffield.ac.uk
To:
"Inf Res List" <t.d.wilson@sheffield.ac.uk>,
Date:
Wed, 20 Oct 1999 17:06:34 +0100
Subject:
New issue of Information Research
Reply-to:
Prof. Tom Wilson <t.d.wilson@sheffield.ac.uk>
A new issue of Information Research (vol 5. no. 1) is now
available at:
http://www.shef.ac.uk/~is/publications/infres/ircont.html
Here is the....
Editorial
Once again, we have one Refereed Paper in this issue - by Christopher Brown-Syed and William Morrissey
of Wayne State University, and deals
with predicting the relevance of Newsgroup
documents from the analysis of the headers. The conclusion is that "...a document's scores on use of
appropriate technical language, the
tendency of its contents to reflect the stated
subject of discussion, and therefore its "usefulness",
are inversely proportionate to the
number of lines contained therein, and
to the number of groups to which the document has been cross posted." In other words, useful documents are those that use appropriate technical language (in
philosophy in this case), are posted to
fewer newsgroups and are brief.
We then have four, very different, Working Papers:
Information science in sustainable development and de-
industrialization, by Amanda Spink, which points out that "...despite the growing
interdisciplinary literature on
sustainable development and de-industrialization, the informational aspects of these important
issues have yet to be fully explored";
Gender and learning attitudes in using Web-based science lessons, by Siew Chee Leong and Suliman
Al-Hawamdeh, a study in Singapore which
found that, "Generally, boys spent more time with computers at home playing games and had more experience using the World Wide Web compared to girls.
On the other hand, more girls preferred
the Web-based lesson compared to traditional
classroom-based lessons. They learnt more from
paired-group work and preferred to work with a partner while boys preferred working alone and learned
less working with a partner. The study
also found that unlike girls, boys disliked
reading from computer screens because they had difficulty reading long pages of text.";
"Information Seeking in Context" and the development
of information systems, by Irina
Gaslikova, a paper by an attendee at
the ISIC98 conference who explores this relationship; and
"Experiencing information seeking and learning: a study of
the interaction between two phenomena,
by Louise Limberg, which employs {HYPERLINK "http://www.ped.gu.se/biorn/phgraph/"}phenomenography in identifying how information was used by
high-school pupils.
Since the 1st April 1998, we have had (by 19th October
1999) 27,882 'hits' on the 'cover page'
of the journal - an average of more
than 1,400 a month. Those hits come from 114 Internet domains: the domains from which most usage comes are:
1. United Kingdom 5087 (hits) 18.24%
2. US Commercial 3278 (hits)11.76%
3. US Educational 2888 (hits) 10.36%
4. Network 2435 (hits) 8.73%
5. Australia 1060 (hits) 3.80%
6. Hong Kong 680 (hits) 2.44%
7. Germany 614 (hits) 2.20%
8. Canada 597 (hits) 2.14%
9. Malaysia 460 (hits) 1.65%
10. Singapore 336 (hits) 1.21%
We also have 701 registered readers from all over the
world and this, perhaps, is a better
indicator of readership than hits,
although the fact that readers do not have to register suggests that there may be many regular readers who
do not bother to register. Perhaps
we'll get round, one of these days, to asking
everyone to register before they use the journal - {HYPERLINK "mailto:
t.d.wilson@shef.ac.uk"}any views on that?
Remember that, although we now have Regional Editors, we
are willing to consider papers from
anywhere in the world, not simply those
from the regions indicated. I act as General Editor and will accept submissions from Western Europe, the Middle
and Far East, and Australasia.
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
volume 5 no 2
Date:
Thu, 20 Jan 2000 10:51:15 -0000
Subject:
New issue of Information Research
Reply-to:
Prof. Tom Wilson <t.d.wilson@sheffield.ac.uk>
Editorial
First my usual Call for Papers for the next issue of
the journal, which will be Volume 5
Number 3. That issue will appear in
April and papers (refereed or working) should be sent to our Regional Editors or to myself, following
the {HYPERLINK "http://www.shef.ac.uk/uni/academic/I-M/is/publication
s/infres/author1.html"}Instructions to Authors.
Note also that we are now well on the way to putting together
a large, international {HYPERLINK "http://www.shef.ac.uk/~is/publications/infres/EdBoard .html"}Editorial Board and if one of the people
on the Board is close to you, contact
him or her about submitting a paper.
This issue carries a new feature - links to
dissertations produced as part of an
electronic dissertations experiment in
the Department of Information Studies at the University of Sheffield. There are three dissertations in
the "Electronic Dissertations
Library" and discussions will be held shortly in the Department with a view to determining how far (and how)
to pursue this idea. There are clear
benefits in making the work more widely
available but the process is by no means trouble- free. We will be very pleased
to use this part of the journal for
links to electronic dissertations in the field from other places. Given the global readership of the
journal, it might well be reasonable to
include electronic dissertations in
languages other than English. Contact the {HYPERLINK "mailto:t.d.wilson@shef.ac.uk"}Editor for further information if you would like to join in
this venture.
We have three refereed papers in this issue: unusually for recent issues, two are from Sheffield.
First, Peter Willett discusses how
algorithms developed for the processing of textual databases can be used in the processing of chemical
structure databases, and vice versa;
and secondly, Claire Warwick, in a
paper on electronic texts, argues that the English literary cannon has reasserted itself in electronic
form. It traces the history of print
canons and contends that analogous forces are
shaping an electronic canon. She discusses why this question should concern not only literary critics,
but also information professionals. The
third refereed paper is also on the subject
of electronic texts: Mats Dahlström and Mikael Gunnarsson of the Högskolan i Borås, Sweden, discuss the
relationships between document
architecture and library and information science education and research, arguing that "Digital production
and distribution reframe the ways in
which objects and meta-objects might be
construed. The mismatch of traditional library
institutions and systems (where the printed codex book and its derivatives have been the standard of
measurement) and digital carriers for
bodies of text and the different architectures of these, suggests our great need for new fields of LIS research, where DA might prove a valuable tool."
Our one Working Paper is from Croatia: the changing circumstances of countries formerly
constrained by the Soviet system is
resulting in the information professions addressing what are, for them, relatively new issues in professional education, and Aleksandra Horvat discusses
library legislation and free access to
information as new topics in library and
information science education.
We now have more than 770 registered readers from all
over the world and this, perhaps, is a
better indicator of readership
than hits, although the fact that readers do not have to register suggests that there may be many
regular readers who do not bother to
register. Perhaps we'll get round, one of these days, to asking everyone to register before they use the
journal - {HYPERLINK "mailto:
t.d.wilson@shef.ac.uk"}any views on that?
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Volume 5 no 3
From: "Professor Tom
Wilson" <t.d.wilson@sheffield.ac.uk>
Date: Tue, 28 Mar 2000 17:41:46
+0100
Subject: New issue of Information
Research
Reply-to: Prof. Tom Wilson
<t.d.wilson@sheffield.ac.uk>
Priority: normal
The latest issue of
Information Research will be generally
advertised on mailing lists at the end of this week. However, registered readers can access the issue's
Contents List at:
http://www.shef.ac.uk/~is/publications/infres/infres53.html
Here is the
Editorial:
First my usual Call for Papers for the next issue
of the journal, which will be Volume 5
Number 4. That issue will appear in
July and papers (refereed or working) should be sent to our Regional Editors or to myself, following
the {HYPERLINK "http://www.shef.ac.uk/uni/academic/I-M/is/publication
s/infres/author1.html"}Instructions to Authors.
There are two refereed papers in this issue – on diverse
topics. The first, by Alastair Smith of
Victoria University, Wellington,
compares the features of search engines attached to a number of digital libraries, concluding that:
While the eleven digital libraries surveyed provided overall
a wide range of search features, none
provided the wide range of features
that traditional on-line services provide. Digital library designers should consider providing a wider range of features in future versions of their
software.
The second paper, by Les Smith and Hugh Preston is devoted to
an examination of the information
management and technology strategy of
the UK's National Health Service, with particular reference to the management information needs of different groups within the NHS.
This issue also has four Working Papers – the first, by
Turner and Kendall, explores Internet
use in a public library in the UK. The
authors conclude that the results:
...indicate strong support for Internet provision in public libraries, with reasons given including the
friendly, work-like atmosphere, the
presence of trained staff able to offer help and advice, and the relationship between networked information and more traditional formats provided by the
library. More active promotion and publicity
for the service, more training and
support from library staff, and reduced charges were amongst the recommendations.
The second Working Paper is a rather unusual item. Twenty
years ago I was commissioned by
Professor Gernot Wersig of the Freie Universität,
Berlin, to write a paper on trends in user studies as part of a research project he was directing. Over the years
I gave away my copies of the paper to
students and was left without one.
Recently, I was contacted by a graduate student in the USA asking if a copy was available and I decided to
contact Professor Wersig to see if he
had one in his files. Fortunately, he
did and I have scanned that copy for publication here. The paper advocated qualitative methods to
situate the user in context, and, in
recommending action research, proposed reasons
for the low application of research ideas in practice. Readers may find the piece of some historical
interest, at least.
The issue also includes a pointer to the Final Report of
the Uncertainty in information seeking
project which was carried out over the
past two years at Sheffield. The Report is
administrative in character and more interesting parts are included in the Appendices.
Finally, we have two papers from a Doctoral Workshop, which
took place at Åbo Akademii in Finland,
earlier this year, and to which I was
invited as an honorary member of a Nordic nation in my capacity as Visiting Professor at the Högskolan in Borås. They are: Business information culture: a
qualitative study of the information
culture in the Finnish insurance industry, by Gunilla Widén-Wulff, and The impact of personality and approaches to learning on information
behaviour, by Jannica Heinström. I
believe that it is important to encourage doctoral students to publish early and I hope that the appearance
here will encourage students to come
forward with Working Papers or, indeed,
papers for review. Perhaps supervisors and advisors of doctoral students might also help us to
achieve this aim.
For this issue I have left the links to the electronic dissertations on the Contents page. This
feature has attracted a great deal of
interest from around the world and I hope to have links to electronic dissertations in other places before
long. The demand is evidently high: the
home page for the electronic
dissertations 'library' has received more than 300 hits since January and two of the three dissertations
have also had more than 300 hits. The
third dissertation lacked a counter until
recently, through a production oversight, and, consequently, shows a much lower number of hits.
We now have about 850 registered readers from all over
the world and this, perhaps, is a
better indicator of readership than
hits, although the fact that readers do not have to register suggests that there may be many regular
readers who do not bother to register.
Readers may like to note that the October issue will be a special issue on Web research, edited by Dr.
Amanda Spink of Pennsylvania State
University, while in April 2001 (time flies
for a journal Editor!) Professor Charles Oppenheim will produce an issue on intellectual property in the
digital age. We also have plans for
another special issue - possibly for January 2001 - on knowledge representation and ontology. More on that in
a future e-mail message to our
'registered readers'.
Note also that we now have an international {HYPERLINK "http://www.shef.ac.uk/~is/publications/infres/EdBoard .html"}Editorial Board and if one of the
people on the Board is close to you,
contact him or her about submitting a paper. We are willing, of course, to consider papers from anywhere in
the world, not simply those from the
regions indicated. I act as General
Editor and will accept submissions from Western Europe, the Middle and Far East, and Australasia.
INFORMING SCIENCE JOURNAL: INFORMATION SCIENCE RESEARCH
Special Issue
Date: Sat, 04 Mar 2000 15:06:58 -0500
From: Amanda Spink <spink@ist.psu.edu>
To: ASIS-L@asis.lib.indiana.edu, nancy.gusack@ucop.edu
Subject: ASIS-L: Informing Science Journal: Information Science
Research Special
Issue
I am please to announce that a special issue of Informing
Science: The
International Journal of an
Emerging Transdiscipline is available on the web. Dr. Amanda
Spink
served as editor of this issue.
Information about the journal is at the bottom of this email.
The following articles are in this special issue on Information
Science
Research:
Overview of this Informing Science Special Issue on Information
Science
Research
Amanda Spink, The Pennsylvania State University
http://inform.nu/Articles\Vol3\indexv3n2.htm
The papers in this Special Issue of Informing Science highlight
research
areas in the interdisciplinary field of Information Science. Key
research problems for Information Science include: (1) how to
model and
effectively support human information behaviors, including
information
seeking and use behaviors, and interaction with information
retrieval
(IR) technologies, (2) how information should be organized
intellectually in IR technologies for more effective human
information
retrieval, and (3) the organizational,social and policy
implications for
the information society of human information behaviors.
Information Scientists are concerned with how people's information
problems can be resolved. In this way, information science is an
important part of the "informing sciences".
Information Science has
largely borrowed theories and approaches from other disciplines
- but is
now attracting attention from other disciplines as a generator
of theory
and models that delineate key areas of human information-related
endeavors. As humans struggle to seek and use information within
the
plethora of information sources increasingly available via the
Web,
Information Science research is taking center stage. Each paper
in this
special issue is written by an expert in their area of
Information
Science research.
Human Information Behavior
T.D. Wilson, University of Sheffield
http://inform.nu/Articles\Vol3\indexv3n2.htm
This paper provides a history and overview of the field of human
information behavior, including
recent advances in the field and multidisciplinary perspectives.
Interactive Information Retrieval: Context and Basic Notions
David Robins, Louisiana State University
http://inform.nu/Articles\Vol3\indexv3n2.htm
This paper provides an introduction to interactive information
retrieval--the study of human interaction with information
retrieval
systems. Interactive information retrieval may be contrasted
with the
"system-centered" view of information retrieval in
which changes to
information retrieval system variables are manipulated in
isolation from
users in laboratory situations. The paper elucidates current
models of
interactive information retrieval, namely, the episodic model,
the
stratified model, the interactive feedback and search process
model, and
the global model of polyrepresentation. Future directions for
research
in the field are discussed.
Image Information Retrieval: An Overview of Current Research
Abby A. Goodrum, Drexel University
http://inform.nu/Articles\Vol3\indexv3n2.htm
This paper provides an overview of current research in image
information
retrieval and provides an outline of areas for future research.
The
approach is broad and interdisciplinary and focuses on three
aspects of
image research (IR):text-based retrieval, content-based
retrieval, and
user interactions with image information retrieval systems. The
review
concludes with a call for image retrieval evaluation studies
similar to
TREC.
Relevance: An Interdisciplinary and Information Science
Perspective
Howard Greisdorf, University of North Texas
http://inform.nu/Articles\Vol3\indexv3n2.htm
Although relevance has represented a key concept in the field of
information science for evaluating
information retrieval effectiveness, the broader context
established by
interdisciplinary frameworks could provide greater depth and
breadth to
on-going research in the field. This work provides an overview
of the
nature of relevance in the field of information science with a
cursory
view of how cross-disciplinary approaches to relevance could
represent
avenues for further investigation into the evaluative
characteristics of
relevance as a means for enhanced understanding of human
information
behavior.
Toward a Theoretical Framework for Information Science
Amanda Spink, The Pennsylvania State University
http://inform.nu/Articles\Vol3\indexv3n2.htm
Information Science is beginning to develop a theoretical
framework for
the modeling of users=92 interactions with information retrieval
(IR)technologies within the more holistic context of human
information
behavior (Spink, 1998b). This paper addresses the following
questions:
(1) What is the nature of Information Science? and (2) What
theoretical
framework and model is most appropriate for Information Science?
This
paper proposes a theoretical framework for Information Science
based on
an explication of the processes of human information
coordinating
behavior and information feedback that facilitate the
relationship between human information behavior and human
interaction
with information retrieval
(IR) technologies (Web, digital libraries, etc.).
Applications Of Informetrics To Information Retrieval Research
Dietmar Wolfram, University of Wisconsin--Milwaukee
http://inform.nu/Articles\Vol3\indexv3n2.htm
A non-technical overview of two primary areas of study within
the
discipline of information science, information retrieval(IR)and
informetrics, is presented. Informetric properties of IR systems
as the
basis for understanding IR system structure and generalizing
human
information seeking in electronic environments are discussed.
Applications of informetric study of IR systems for more
efficient and
effective design and evaluation of IR systems are also
presented.
Representation and Organization of Information in the Web Space:
From
MARC to XML
Jian Qin, Syracuse University
http://inform.nu/Articles\Vol3\indexv3n2.htm
Representing and organizing information in libraries has a long
tradition of using rules and standards. As the very first
standard
encoding format for bibliographic data in libraries, Machine
Readable
Cataloging (MARC) format is being joined by a large number of
new
formats since the late 1980s. The new formats, mostly SGML/HTML
based,
are actively taking a role in representing and organizing
networked
information resources. This article briefly describes the
historical
connection between MARC and the newer formats for
representing information and the current development in XML
applications
that will benefit information/
knowledge management in the new environment.
Social Informatics in the Information Sciences: Current
Activities and
Emerging Directions
Steve Sawyer, Pennsylvania State University & Howard
Rosenbaum, Indiana
University
http://inform.nu/Articles\Vol3\indexv3n2.htm
Social informatics refers to the interdisciplinary study of the
design,
uses and consequences of
information and communication technologies (ICTs)that takes into
account
their interactions with
institutional and cultural contexts. Social informatics research
may be
done at group, departmental, organizational, national and/or
societal
levels of analysis, focused on the relationships among information,
information systems, the people who use them and the context of
use. In
this paper we outline some of the central principles of a social
informatics perspective. In doing this we provide an overview
of the intellectual geography of social informatics relative to
work in
the information sciences and discuss the contributions that this
perspective and literature provide.
--------------------------------------
The journal Informing Science endeavors to provide an
understanding of
the complexities in informing
clientele. Fields from information systems, information science,
journalism in all its forms to
education all contribute to this science. These fields, which
developed
independently and have been researched in separate disciplines,
are
evolving to form a new transdiscipline, Informing Science.
Informing Science publishes articles that provide insight into
how best
to inform clients using
information technology. Authors may use epistemologies from
engineering,
computer science, education, psychology, business, anthropology,
and
such. The ideal paper will serve to inform fellow researchers,
perhaps
from other fields, of contributions to this problem.
Accepted papers are published quarterly in print and immediately
on the
web. The latter provides colleagues around the world immediate
access to
articles. Works published in Informing Science can
be cited and used more quickly. Accepted articles are available
free of
charge on the web site http://inform.nu . Issues are also
available in
print. I encourage you to visit this web site and contribute
your
quality manuscripts to the journal.
Eli COHEN
Editor-in-Chief
Informing Science
_________________________________________________________________________
ISSUES IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LIBRARIANSHIP
Call for papers:
To: "Natural Resources Librarians List"
<NRLib-L@library.lib.usu.edu>
Subject: FYI: Issues in Science & Technology Librarianship
call for papers
Date: Thu, 9 Mar 2000 12:40:16 -0500 (EST)
---------- Forwarded message ----------
Date: Thu, 9 Mar 2000 11:59:37 -0500
From: STS list moderator <teresa@aztec.lib.utk.edu>
Reply-To: Andrea Duda <duda@library.ucsb.edu>
To: STS-L@LISTSERV.UTK.EDU
Subject: Issues in Science & Technology Librarianship call
for papers
Issues in Science and Technology Librarianship (ISTL) is an
electronic
publication of the Science and Technology Section of the
Association of
College and Research Libraries. It is available on the World
Wide
Web at http://www.library.ucsb.edu/istl/
We invite your proposals or abstracts for our Spring 2000 issue
on Earth
Day and environmental issues in libraries. How green is your
library? Have you done
something special with environmental impact
reports? Do you have an
archive relating to an environmental issue?
How
do you teach students to do research in this multidisciplinary
area?
Proposals can be sent now with the final articles due in April.
We are also accepting proposals for our Summer 2000 issue (all
topics) and
Fall 2000 (instruction in science and technology libraries).
ISTL's editorial guidelines are available at
http://www.library.ucsb.edu/istl/guidelines.html
Please send an abstract of your proposed article to
duda@library.ucsb.edu
for consideration by the ISTL editorial board.
Andrea L. Duda
Sciences Collections Coordinator
Davidson Library
University of California, Santa Barbara
duda@library.ucsb.edu
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Date: Thu, 18 Nov
1999 07:52:26 -0500
Sender: "STS-L (Science and Technology Section, ACRL)"
<STS-L@listserv.utk.edu>
Subject: Issues in
Science & Technology Librarianship
From: Andrea Duda <duda@library.ucsb.edu>
===============================================
Issues in Science &
Technology Librarianship
Fall 1999
Theme: Staffing issues in sci-tech libraries
http://www.library.ucsb.edu/istl/
===============================================
In this issue:
ARTICLES:
Learning Our Limits:
The Science Libraries at Duke University Retreat
to Respond to Our
Changing Environment
by Anne Langley and
Linda Martinez, Duke University
An Analysis of
Science-Engineering Academic Library Positions in the
Last Three Decades
by Nestor Osorio,
Northern Illinois University
Scientific Literacy
Skills for Non-Science Librarians: Bootstrap
Training
by Christina
Peterson and Sandra Kajiwara, San Jose State University
Integrating Science
and Technology Libraries at Cornell
by Jean A. Poland, Cornell
University
Library Staffing
Considerations in the Age of Technology: Basic
Elements for Managing
Change
by Daryl C.
Youngman, Kansas State University
BOOK REVIEWS
Inventing the Internet
by Janet Abbate
Reviewed by Jeff
Alger, Kansas State University
JOURNAL REVIEWS AND REPORTS
Review of ASCE Online
Reviewed by John
Matylonek, Oregon State University
BiblioNet Database
Review
Reviewed by Ian
Gordon, Brock University
Electronic Green
Journal
Reviewed by Bill
Johnson, Arizona State University East
CONFERENCE REPORTS
Report from the
Geological Society of America Conference and Geoscience
Information Society
Annual Meeting, Denver, Colorado, October 24-28,
1999
by Kay G. Johnson, University
of Tennessee, Knoxville
Grey Literature '99,
October 4-5, 1999
by Patricia T.
Viele, Cornell University
OnlineWorld '99,
Chicago, October 25-27, 1999
by Flora Shrode,
University of Tennessee, Knoxville
IAMSLIC 25th Anniversary
Conference, 1999
by James W. Markham,
University of California, Santa Barbara
How Green Is My
Library? New York Library Association 1999 Annual
Conference, October
27-31, 1999, Buffalo, NY
by Frederick W.
Stoss, SUNY University at Buffalo
__________________________________________________________________________
Date: Tue, 16 Nov 1999 10:14:36 -0500
Sender: "ASIS-L: American Society for Information Science"
<ASIS-L@asis.org>
From: Richard Hill <rhill@asis.org>
Subject: JASIS Vol 50, #14 TOC - Perspectives on Copyright
Journal of the American Society for Information Science
JASIS
VOLUME 50, NUMBER 14
[Note: below are URLs for viewing contents of JASIS from past issues.
Below the contents of Bert Boyce's "In This Issue" has been cut into the
Table of Contents as well as material from the introduction to the
"Perspectives" section from Kenneth Crews.]
VOLUME 50 NUMBER 14 DECEMBER 1999
CONTENTS
EDITORIAL
In This Issue
Bert R. Boyce
1263
In this issue, the Perspectives articles are introduced by the guest
editor. Here we cover the three research papers included. They are quite
diverse and include a statistical language study, a historical look at
indirect referencing, and a user study of relevance criteria. We begin with
the relevance study by Hirsh.
RESEARCH
Children's Relevance Criteria and Information Seeking on Electronic
Resources
Sandra G. Hirsh
1265
Ten fifth-grade students were randomly selected from a class required to
find three sources of information on a sports figure for a class report.
They were interviewed after selection of a figure and during their
research, which was conducted at home and in both the school and public
libraries. They were also observed carrying out searches on the school's
computers. Students were asked what they were doing and why. A second
interview was carried out during the third week of the
information-gathering process. Results are an analysis of field notes and
transcripts of recordings. Students were able to articulate their relevance
criteria and used titles, notes fields, abstracts, Internet summaries, and
skimming techniques to evaluate the initial relevance of material
retrieved. Topicality is the prime criterion in textual material. Novelty
accounted for 15% of the decisions, authority for only 2%. Being
interesting was the prime criteria for graphic material, and accounted for
10% of textual decisions. Peer interest was also a noticeable criteria at
7% for text and 10% for graphics. The use of topicality as a criteria early
in the process gives way somewhat to the interesting criteria in the second
interview.
Indirect-Collective Referencing (ICR): Life Course, Nature, and
Importance of a Special Kind of Scientific Referencing
Endre Szava-Kovats
1284
A longitudinal sample was utilized by Szava-Kovats to review 100 years
of The Physical Review, yielding 4,200 papers and 84,000 formal references.
If such references contain phrases like ``and references cited therein,''
or ``and references therein,'' they are considered to be instances of
Indirect-collective referencing (ICR). A separate review of early issues
shows a possible occurrence in 1897, but the first clear occurrence in
1901. The IRC phenomena grows steadily over the century and faster than the
growth of papers themselves. From a recent issue, 4 of 19 papers exhibiting
ICR were chosen and traced. The number of occurrences is 40% larger than
the total references normally available for citation indexing.
Computer and Natural Language Texts--A Comparison Based on Long-Range
Correlations
Peter Kokol, Vili Podgorelec, Milan Zorman, Tatjana Kokol,
and Tatjana Njivar
1295
Long-range correlation (LRC) is based upon a generalization of entropy.
The power, alpha, of the distance between two points on the x-axis in a
random walk model, characterizes the differences between texts. Using 20
works each in English, German, and Slovenian, and 20 computer programs in
each of C++, Pascal, and FORTRAN, Kokol, Podgorelec, Zorman, Kokol, and
Njivar find mean values of alpha for the texts to be close to 0.5, but the
mean values for the programming languages are significantly higher. The
long-range power law appears to apply to both.
PERSPECTIVES ON COPYRIGHT AND FAIR-USE
GUIDELINES FOR EDUCATION AND LIBRARIES
[From the acknowledgment: I also extend my thanks to Lois Lunin and her
colleagues at John Wiley & Sons, Inc. They expressed an early interest in
publishing these essays, continued to push us when the project needed
additional motivation, and they kindly cooperated in permitting the authors
to enter into a most extraordinary agreement for these essays. The
fundamental objective of these essays is to assist decision makers at
libraries and educational institutions throughout the country, who may be
struggling with the question of whether the CONFU guidelines on fair use
may be appropriate standards for local policies and practices. We hope that
these essays will assist with those decisions, and promote discussion of
these issues. To that end, the agreement with John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
allows the publisher to retain the copyright to these works, but this
published version includes the statement that they may be reproduced and
distributed by nonprofit educational institutions and libraries. We hope
that this permission will allow the articles to be widely shared at
colleges and universities and at libraries to increase awareness of
copyright and to help those institutions make more informed decisions with
respect to fair use.]
Introduction and Overview
Kenneth D. Crews
1304
The articles in this collection grew out of a series of presentations
delivered in April 1997 at a ``Town Meeting on Fair Use, Education, and
Libraries'' held on the campus of Indiana University-Purdue University
Indianapolis. That event was one of a series of Town Meetings convened
around the country to discuss the development of ``fair-use guidelines'' by
the Conference on Fair Use (CONFU). The need for debate about the
meaning of fair use and the appropriateness of fair-use guidelines was
vividly clear at the Town Meeting, and is demonstrated repeatedly in this
collection of essays.
Because these articles are based on conference presentations, they often
bridge the gap between the formality of a published study and the
informality of the original presentations in a relaxed setting open to
broad-based discussion and debate. Frequent readers of JASIS will be struck
by the lack of scientific analysis present in these articles.
Much of the debate over copyright law and its implications is too often
based on experiential evidence, anecdotes, and individual perceptions of
the relationship between the law and organizational objectives. These
articles and all of the CONFU negotiations are unquestionably built on such
``unscientific'' processes rather than empirical studies of causal
relationships. These articles, therefore, reveal, for better or for worse,
that much of the debate over copyright is not yet in the realm of
scientific inquiry. These articles also reveal a wealth of opportunity for
future research questions.
CONFU-sed: Security, Safe Harbors, and Fair-Use Guidelines
Dwayne K. Buttler
1308
The first essay by Buttler (1999) examines the foundation of fair-use law
and early fair-use guidelines. It also explores the origins of the
Conference on Fair Use, and the call to build on the past with an
understanding of fair use for newer technologies. At the time of the Town
Meeting, in April 1997, the direction of CONFU was taking clear shape, and
the participants understood well the nature of the forthcoming guidelines
that would appear in a CONFU report later that year (CONFU, 1997). Indeed,
events had become sufficiently crystallized that the ``final'' CONFU Report
(CONFU, 1998) includes guidelines that differ little from the proposed
guidelines that were debated in early 1997.
What's Right About Fair-Use Guidelines for the Academic Community?
Mary Levering
1313
Levering urges the academic community to experiment with the guidelines
and give them a chance, rather than rejecting them before implementation.
What's Wrong With Fair-Use Guidelines for the Academic Community?
Kenneth Frazier
1320
Frazier makes clear that he does not oppose all possible guidelines, but
he articulates serious concerns about the interpretations of fair use that
emerged from the CONFU process.
[The next four essays articulate views about various guidelines on the
subjects of multimedia development, the making and archiving of digital
images, transmissions of material in distance learning, electronic-reserve
systems, and interlibrary loans. Of all the CONFU guidelines, the
multimedia guidelines probably have received the greatest attention,
including the strongest statements of support as well as the most
vociferous criticism.]
The Multimedia Guidelines
Joann Stevens
1324
Stevens (1999) describes events leading to development of those guidelines,
and identifies how they may be useful in the academic community.
Testing the Limits: The CONFU Digital-Images and Multimedia Guidelines
and Their
Consequences for Libraries and Educators
Christine L. Sundt
1328
Sundt (1999), however, takes those guidelines and the digital-images
guidelines to task, focusing on their legal and practical questionability.
She further explores complex questions surrounding the identification of
copyright owners and securing permissions once a user reaches the limits of
fair use for digital images. Under the proposed guidelines, Sundt points
out that users will readily hit those limits, particularly as the
guidelines establish rigorous time limits on use and require permission for
any repeat uses of images.
Guidelines for Distance Learning and Interlibrary Loan: Doomed and More
Doomed
Laura N. Gasaway
1337
[See below.]
Electronic Reserves and Fair Use: The Outer Limits of CONFU
Kenneth D. Crews
1342
Gasaway (1999) and Crews (1999) take an insider's look at negotiations
surrounding possible guidelines for distance learning, interlibrary loan,
and electronic reserves. These activities have several common traits. They
are of tremendous importance to librarianship, education, and research.
These activities are also of growing importance and frequent occurrence at
colleges and universities around the country. Moreover, although these
activities may change with the application of new technologies,
particularly the use of computer networks and transmissions, they are also
based on long-standing practices and expectations about the legal
underpinnings of earlier technology. In particular, struggles with new
technologies may be predicated on experiences with photocopies for library
reserves and television transmissions for distance learning.
Gasaway and Crews reveal that negotiations with respect to these issues
ultimately collapsed and failed to produce guidelines that received
consensus support at CONFU meetings. The inability of CONFU to generate
guidelines for these important issues demonstrates the limits of the
unstructured negotiations in CONFU and the inability of negotiated
guidelines to achieve broad support when the issue is of central importance
both to the academic community and to the commercial publishing community.
The Economics of Publishing: The Consequences of Library and Research
Copying
Colin Day
1346
Day (1999) is the director of a large university press, and he emphasizes
the importance of copyright protection for the survivability of scholarly
publishing, and he cautions about the adverse consequences of a broad
interpretation of fair use.
The Immunity Dilemma: Are State Colleges and Universities Still Liable
for Copyright Infringements?
Kenneth D. Crews and Georgia K. Harper
1350
Crews and Harper (1999) reflect on the practical and legal meaning of a
series of court rulings that may give limited immunity to state colleges
and universities against copyright infringement claims. That development is
presented here not only as a matter worthy of discussion itself, but also
as an example of the dynamic legal forces that often have extraordinarily
complex effects on policy making and decision making within educational
institutions.
Fair-Use Guidelines: A Selected Bibliography
Noemi A. Rivera-Morales
1353
Rivera-Morales (1999) has prepared a bibliography of resources for further
information. Her work lists the guidelines from the past and from CONFU.
She includes numerous sources about the guidelines and about the general
copyright issues that the guidelines broach. Her bibliography lists
citations to news coverage about CONFU. Although the press coverage was
hardly plentiful, the occasional articles offer glimpses of the processes
and tensions that underlay the difficult negotiations. As Rivera-Morales
further points out, the literature often lacks systematic reviews and
analyses of the needs of academic users or of the interests of copyright
owners. She emphasizes the need for additional investigations to assess the
extent to which fair-use guidelines meet their objectives and serve the
interests of proponents.
AUTHOR INDEX
1361
SUBJECT INDEX
1367
VOLUME CONTENTS
I
------------------------------------------------------
The ASIS home page <http://www.asis.org/Publications/JASIS/tocs.html>
contains the Table of Contents and brief abstracts as above from January
1993 (Volume 44) to date.
The John Wiley Interscience site <http://www.interscience.wiley.com>
includes issues from 1986 (Volume 37) to date. Guests have access only to
tables of contents and abstracts. Registered users of the Interscience
site have access to the full text of these issues and to preprints. We are
working on restoring access for ASIS members in the near future.
Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Date: Fri, 10 Dec 1999 11:37:59 -0500
Sender: Open Lib/Info Sci Education Forum <JESSE@listserv.utk.edu>
From: Richard Hill <rhill@ASIS.ORG>
Subject: TOC JASIS Volume 50, Number 1
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Journal of the American Society for Information Science
JASIS
VOLUME 51, NUMBER 1
[Note: below are URLs for viewing contents of JASIS from past issues.
Below the contents of Bert Boyce's "In This Issue" has been cut into the
Table of Contents as well as material from the introduction to the special
section.]
CONTENTS
EDITORIAL
In This Issue
Bert R. Boyce
1
SPECIAL TOPIC ISSUE: WHEN MUSEUM INFORMATICS MEETS THE WORLD WIDE WEB
Guest Editors: David Bearman and Jennifer Trant
Introduction: When Museum Informatics Meets the World Wide Web, It
Generates Energy
David Bearman and Jennifer Trant
3
Application domains both adapt technologies in distinctive ways and
manifest requirements that can propel basic research in novel directions.
Museum informatics is one such domain and its impacts on the World Wide Web
are of both sorts. The half-dozen articles we have selected from the 1999
Museums and the Web Conference for this special issue of JASIS, were
selected because collectively they delineate important concerns of museum
informatics as an application domain, and call for new methods in
information science as a whole.
Our hope is that in this intersection of museum informatics with JASIS,
play and research will both benefit and that we'll see some results at
future annual Museums and the Web Conferences. [Full texts of other papers
from 1997-1999 presentations can be found on the web at www.archimuse.com
by following links to mw97, mw98, and mw99.]
Effective Levels of Adaptation to Different Types of Users in
Interactive Museum Systems
F. Paterno and C. Mancini
5
At its most basic, this concern for the visitor is manifest in the design
of museum spaces. Paterno et.al. ask of web design what every museum
exhibition designer faces with every exhibition: Why should each visitor to
an information resource see it in the same way, when their knowledge,
expertise and purposes are so different? Although they arrive by way of a
requirement of museum informatics, the problem they are confronting is
central to the future of e-commerce - if people don't see themselves in
what they find presented to them on the web, and if the responses from the
system are addressed to some one else, they will leave unsatisfied. By
taking the problem in two stages - first creating some test response-types
and allowing visitors to self identify, and then exploring how this model
could be made more complex in the types it presents and in its response to
visitor input, these researchers are providing usable answers, on their way
towards analysis of an exceptionally complex research problem.
On Pattern-Directed Search of Archives and Collections
Garett O. Dworman, Steven O. Kimbrough, and Chuck Patch
14
Museum information spaces also pose informational challenges. Dworcman,
Kimbrough and Patch expose the limitations of the best developed area of
information science, information retrieval methods, when they ask a
question basic to any "collection" of information: what attributes are
correlated in this collection? In museum informatics this is an obvious
question, as it would be in legal research (with the documents for a court
case) or regulatory enforcement (with the records of a company), but it
requires methods that are until know quite undeveloped in information
science as a whole.
On-Line Exhibit Design: The Sociotechnological Impact of Building a
Museum over the World Wide Web
Paul F. Marty
24
Day to day tasks in museums are highly visual and information resources
tend to demand more multimedia integration than team tasks in much of the
business world. Marty's application of workflow enhancing information
processing methods to a typical museum situation - planning a
reinstallation of galleries - exposes the challenges of applying technology
solutions to a demanding application domain and demonstrates the likely
benefits such methods will have when applied to other design intensive
business processes. Importantly, Marty recognizes the social informatics of
the situation as well, and can reflect on the impact of these changes in
working methods on the environment in which the work takes place.
Visiting a Museum Together: How to Share a Visit to a Virtual World
Paolo Paolini, Thimoty Barbieri, Paolo Loiudice, Francesca Alonzo, Marco
Zanti, and G. Gaia
33
Social interaction is the key to learning in the museum. Paolini et.al.
take the methods developed for that least real universe of video games and
explore how they could be used to make real human interaction possible in
the world of virtual cultural experiences. Simply by taking the
requirements of museum informatics - interaction with objects and with
people - to the World Wide Web, they have exposed a huge new area for
research and development and begun to delineate requirements for
object-based learning and social interaction that have relevance to other
domains ranging from distance education to future leisure life.
The Neon Paintbrush: Seeing, Technology, and the Museum as Metaphor
Peter Walsh
39
Museum visits, and museum exhibitions, are about making meanings. Peter
Walsh reminds us that what we see is learned, and it changes as our
expectations change. Through the prism of museum content, artifacts convey
both what they are to us today and what they were to others when they were
first created or discovered. Walsh asks us to examine the way in which
current technology may be changing what we see. The tools of virtuality, no
less than the microscope, take us to a world that is beyond our human
perception, and in so doing transform the reality of the world in which we
live by investing it with a potentiality it previously lacked, and which we
will never again will be without.
Designing Digital Environments for Art Education/Exploration
Slavko Milekic
49
Sometimes tools get in the way. Were the designers of computers influenced
by the traditional design of museums in making computers so unfriendly?,
asks Slavko Milecik. Could both the interface to the museum and that of the
computer be made accessible to very small children, handicapped individuals
and all of us who would be delighted to replace a keyboard or a mouse with
eye movements and thought? As museum informatics struggles to meet the
challenge to expand audiences and the demands of the Americans with
Disabilities Act, Milekic elevates playfulness to a technological
imperative and explores the consequences.
RESEARCH
Using the Internet for Survey Research: A Case Study
Yin Zhang
57
After reviewing recent surveys conducted on the Web, Zhang lists their
advantages and potential problems. A survey of 201 authors with papers in
press in 8 journals was conducted as a case study. Respondent reactions
were logged and respondents using the web were compared with those using
fax or postal service. 125 useable replies were received via the web and 31
by fax or postal service. Respondents using the web to reply had higher
self perceived ability to use the Internet, used the web more often, were
seven years younger in mean age, but did not differ significantly in years
of Internet experience, web access, or gender. Of the 147 who attempted
access to the web survey 125 finished successfully. Of the 125 successful
respondents, 36% viewed the overall survey results. Sixty percent only
completed the survey, with the remainder looking only at their own
completed results. The non-electronic respondents did not view results.
Recent research shows known item searches to be the prime use of online
public access catalogs.
Block Addressing Indices for Approximate Text Retrieval
Ricardo Baeza-Yates and Gonzalo Navarro
69
This article looks at the efficiency of a modification of the inverted
file indexing model. In block addressing indexing inverted file entries do
not refer to text position within a particular document but rather to
predefined blocks of text of the document. Space is saved, but block hits
must be scanned sequentially. BaezaYates and Navarro show theoretically,
and confirm experimentally using their methods on TREC databases, that both
space and time considerations in a block index can be sublinear and, thus,
that file growth decreases the relative significance of time and space
considerations for the index.
Surname Plus Recallable Title Word Searches for Known Items by Scholars
Frederick G. Kilgour and Barbara B. Moran
83
Kilgore and Moran, using the references to eight scholarly monographs
published between 1990 and 1995, requested that their authors highlight
recallable title words. Using surname and first specified word as keys, the
number of authors and titles in the University of Michigan NOTIS- produced
minicat was recorded. If the first search yielded more than 20 lines, a
second word was added if available. When no word was available a NOTIS
limiting field was used to repeat the search on only MARC 100 and 245
fields. A single screen minicat was produced 99% of the time and in 7 of
those 11 searches where a second specified word was not available. Surname
and one keyword searching gives a single screen in over 84% of the cases.
BOOK REVIEWS
Communicating Research, by A. J. Meadows
Christine L. Borgman
90
Civic Space/Cyberspace: The American Public Library in the Information
Age, by Redmond Kathleen Molz and Phyllis Dain
Richard J. Cox
91
------------------------------------------------------
The ASIS home page <http://www.asis.org> contains the Table of Contents and
brief abstracts as above from January 1993 (Volume 44) to date.
The John Wiley Interscience site <http://www.interscience.wiley.com>
includes issues from 1986 (Volume 37) to date. Guests have access only to
tables of contents and abstracts. Registered users of the interscience
site have access to the full text of these issues. We are still working on
restoring access for ASIS members as "registered users."
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Volume 51 No 6
Date: Tue, 14 Mar 2000 14:38:29 -0500
From: Richard Hill <rhill@asis.org>
Subject: ASIS-L: JASIS Volume 51, Number 6 TOC
Sender: owner-asis-l@asis.org
Journal of the American Society for Information Science
JASIS
VOLUME 51, NUMBER 6
[Note: below the Table of Contents are URLs for viewing contents of JASIS
from past issues. Into the Table of Contents below, edited contents from
Guest Editors Chaomei Chen, Mary Czerwinski, and Robert Macredie's
introduction has been cut into the Table of Contents, along wiht Bery
Boyce's "In This Issue."]
EDITORIAL
In This Issue
Bert R. Boyce
497
SPECIAL TOPIC ISSUE:
INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS
Guest Editors: Chaomei Chen, Mary Czerwinski, and Robert Macredie
Individual Differences in Virtual Environments--Introduction and Overview
Chaomei Chen, Mary Czerwinski, and Robert Macredie
499
In this special issue, we are interested in exploring issues related to
individual differences, especially in terms of how individuals differ in
their abilities to capture, recognize, and make effective use of abstract,
implicit, and changing structures found across many large information
systems and virtual environments. In particular, we hope articles in this
special issue will help us to understand better how to accommodate these
differences. We highlight questions that are likely to make a significant
contribution to the field. Articles in this special issue address some of
these questions in depth. On the other hand, many questions can only be
adequately addressed when a critical mass of users of virtual environments
emerges and virtual environments with substantial content become available.
The four broad questions are:
1. What are the predominant human factors concerning the design of a
virtual environment?
2. What is the role of individual differences in the use of a virtual
environment?
3. How do we assess the effectiveness and usability of a virtual reality
application?
4. How do we account for users' cognitive and behavioral experiences in a
virtual world?
A wide range of specific issues must be addressed in order to answer these
questions.
Five articles included in this special issue address a number of important
aspects of the study of individual differences. A common theme that
underlines all the articles in this issue is how to strike the balance
between individuals' abilities and the demanding task for understanding,
interpreting, and utilizing structural information conveyed through virtual
environments.
Individual Differences and the Conundrums of User-Centered Design: Two
Experiments
Bryce Allen
508
Allen (1999) focuses on the theme of how to optimize the match between
users and system configurations in order to optimize their search
performance. A key user interface feature in Allen's experiments is a word
map. It is a multidimensional scaling model of 100 most frequently
occurring words in a collection of bibliographic references. In this case,
the intrinsic structure is reflected through the interrelationships in this
bibliographic collection. The word map and a multi-window display are
referred to collectively as design features in his article.
Allen's article is thought provoking. It demonstrates the power of
theories and methodologies developed in (Egan & Gomez, 1985; Stanney &
Salvendy, 1995; Vicente & Williges, 1988). More importantly, it shows how
one can adapt and apply these theories and methods to the new generation of
systems with greater emphasis on individual differences in virtual
environments. Further work is necessary to clarify why high spatial
individuals were found to perform better without the word map, as in
Allen's experiments, and without the spatial-semantic virtual world, as in
Chen's experiments. An ideal user interface design would not only
compensate for low-spatial users, but also help high-spatial users to
improve their performance.
Spatial-Semantics: How Users Derive Shape from Information Space
Andrew Dillon
521
The ability to perceive structure in abstract information spaces is
crucial to navigation and search performance. Dillon's article
distinguishes the role of spatial and semantic cues and explains why this
conceptualization may lead to new insights into existing and emerging data.
Dillon also introduces the concept of shape as the structural component of
the working model of an information space. This is most apparent in
Geographical Information Systems (GIS) but is less obvious or
conceptualized in abstract information environments. Dillon's article
delineates the argument between top-down versus bottom-up approaches with a
range of empirical evidence found in the literature.
Individual Differences in a Spatial-Semantic Virtual Environment
Chaomei Chen
529
The central theme of the special issue is how individuals differ in their
performance in a virtual environment which requires an in-depth
understanding of its underlying structure.
Chen's article presents two studies of individual differences in searching
through a spatial-semantic virtual environment. Qualitative and
process-oriented studies are therefore called for to reveal the complex
interaction between individuals' cognitive abilities, domain knowledge, and
direct manipulation skills. A call of an investigation of deeper knowledge
structures is made based on previous studies of similar knowledge-intensive
displays, e.g., (Rewey et al., 1991; Stanney & Salvendy, 1995).
Cognitive Styles and Virtual Environments
Nigel Ford
543
Nigel Ford's article focuses on the distinction between holists and
serialists in learning, and its implications for supporting individual
users through user interface design. Of particular interest to the theme
of this special issue, Ford addresses some interesting behavioral patterns
of holists and serialists. While holists like to use concept maps,
serialists prefer keyword indices. A concept map, or the overview of an
underlying structure, is designed for global orientation regarding the
overall structure of the subject matter.
Having recognized the fuzzy nature of identifying individuals' cognitive
styles and learning strategies, Ford introduces a modeling approach based
on Kohonen self-organizing feature maps, an artificial neural-network based
classification technique. This self-organized approach has potential as a
possible route for further research and development of adaptive virtual
environments. Virtual environments provide a wider framework for
integrating and directly manipulating global and analytic aspects of an
information space.
Ford's article also draws our attention to the connection between
field-dependence and cognitive styles in terms of individuals' behavioral
patterns in navigation of hyperspace. Like holists, field-dependent
individuals use overview maps more often than field-independent
individuals. In the next article, Palmquist and Kim examine the effects of
field-dependence in Web search.
Cognitive Style and On-Line Database Search Experience as Predictors of
Web Search Performance
Ruth A. Palmquist and Kyung-Sun Kim
558
The Web has captured the imagination of millions of users all over the
world. It is crucial for Web designers and indeed for all of us to
understand how individuals with different cognitive style, different
cognitive abilities, and different background in information systems
interact with the vast amount of information presented on the Web. At the
heart of the organization of information on the Web, it is the notion of
association, as manifested through hyperlinks connecting information that
is associated in one way or another. Once again, the ability to understand
an abstract structure of information, or derive a coherent structure by
articulating fragmented documents becomes a challenge to individuals'
ability to find and make the best use of the information available. The
significance of accommodating individual differences on Web search is clear.
Palmquist and Kim examine the effects of cognitive style, namely
field-dependent and field-independent, and online database search
experience on Web search. An interesting finding of their study is that
online search experience can greatly reduce the effect of field-dependence
on Web search performance.
RESEARCH
The Tale of Two ERICs: Factors Influencing the Development of the First
ERIC and Its Transformation into a National System
Lee G. Burchinal
567
Burchinal reviews the early history of ERIC from the initial study by
Tauber and Lilly recommending a special information service for educational
media and a later study by Kent recommending a centralized service covering
all educational research materials, through the conceptual years, 1959 to
1963, until 1964 when personal relationships among Office of Education
bureaucrats led to it becoming a branch of the Division of Educational
Research, abstracting and indexing the reports of research funded by that
agency and providing consultation services.
While planning for a centralized ERIC facility it became clear that while
a decentralized model of selection and representation of documents would be
more expensive and offer less control, it seemed far more politically
feasible. The new plan called for subject based semi-autonomous
clearinghouses, operated by Universities or professional associations, and
centralized computer and reproduction services handled by commercial
contractors. When the Elementary and Secondary Education Act passed in
1965, ERIC got a million dollar budget, and a real start. In May of 1966
North American Aviation got the contract to integrate the material from the
clearinghouses into one database, and in July of 1967 clearinghouse
documents appeared in Research in Education.
Differences between Novice and Experienced Users in Searching Information
on the World Wide Web
Ard W. Lazonder, Harm J.A. Biemans, and Iwan G.J.H. Wopereis
576
Next, Lazonder, Biemans, and Wopereis observed 25 fourth grade students
divided into novice and expert classes on the basis of self reported World
Wide Web experience and a proficiency test. No significant differences were
found among the subjects in domain expertise (based on standard test
performance), gender or ethnic background. Each subject preformed three 13
minute search and browse assignments where site location and information
location were treated separately. Time and success were recorded, combined
to produce an efficiency value, and the number of actions carried out to
correctly solve a task was recorded as effectiveness.
Experts preformed significantly faster and better on search engine search
for sites than did novices. However, no differences were apparent in the
search for information within the sites using the hypertext links
available. This argues that user training should concentrate on site
location, and only touch on hypertext browsing.
LETTER TO THE EDITOR
Incremental Benefit of Human Indexing
Susanne M. Humphrey
582
ERRATUM
583
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Volume 51, no 7
Date: Thu, 30 Mar 2000 10:36:20 -0500
From: Richard Hill <rhill@asis.org>
Subject: ASIS-L: JASIS TOC: Volume 51, Number 7
Sender: owner-asis-l@asis.org
Journal of the American Society for Information Science
JASIS
VOLUME 51, NUMBER 7
[Note: At the bottom are URLs for viewing contents of JASIS from past
issues. Below the contents of Bert Boyce's "In This Issue" has been cut
into the Table of Contents.]
EDITORIAL
In This Issue
Bert R. Boyce
585
We begin this issue with four diverse papers on clustering as a retrieval
method and end with three even more diverse papers on user study.
RESEARCH
Order-Theoretical Ranking
Claudio Carpineto and Giovanni Romano
587
First we have Carpineto and Romano, who make use of a clustered document
file based upon set inclusion relations among terms, merge queries into the
clustered document space and consider the shortest path between a query and
document as the basis of a retrieval status value. Typical hierarchical
clustering methods do not produce all likely clusters due to arbitrary tie
breaking, and fail to discriminate between documents with significantly
different degrees of similarity to a query. In their concept lattice
ranking (CLR), a lattice is built on the basis of term co-occurrence in
documents and supplemented rather than totally re-computed with the
addition of each new document or query.
Using the CACM and CISI collections and queries, weighted term vectors
were computed to be used in best match retrieval, and a hierarchical single
link clustering using cosign ranking, for comparison with CLR. Lattice
construction took 15 minutes for CACM and 2 hours for CISI. Both best match
and CLR return better precision and recall measures than hierarchical
clustering, but little difference appears between the two. A comparison of
CLR and hierarchical clustering on unmatched documents was then carried out
using expected search length as a measure. CLR outperforms and may be
useful in discovering non-matching relevant documents.
A Linear Algebra Measure of Cluster Quality
Laura A. Mather
602
Mather proposes a new measure of cluster effectiveness independent of
knowledge of retrieval measures computed for queries on the clustered file,
and based on the theory that the clustering quality of a term document
matrix is determined by the disjointedness of the terms across the
clusters. The ideal clustering case is that where terms which occur in one
cluster occur only in that cluster, or, that is to say, are mutually
exclusive across clusters. Such clusters occur if and only if the matrix is
``block diagonal,'' that is to say, has rows and columns that can be
permuted to produce a matrix that has some set of blocks on the diagonal of
the matrix that contain nonzero elements, while the remainder contain zero
elements. The singular values of each of the blocks of a block diagonal
matrix are the same as the singular values of a block diagonal matrix when
terms are disjoint and as the structure diverges from block diagonal the
two sets of singular values diverge as more term intersection occurs. A
measure of the distance between the singular values of the term document
matrix and the cluster matrices indicates cluster value, but is difficult
to interpret. By taking random permutations of the matrix and creating
clusters one can approximate the mean and standard deviation and by
subtracting the mean from the actual observed clustering and dividing by
the standard deviation of the samples, one can produce the number of
standard deviations from a random clustering for the observation. These
values can be compared to indicate the best clustering. The computation of
the singular values of many large matrices is required and would be
expensive. Experimentally the metric correlates significantly with Shaw's F
and with the precision measure, increasing as these measures increase.
A Unified Mathematical Definition of Classical Information Retrieval
Sandor Dominich
614
Dominich reviews the basic retrieval models concentrating upon the vector
space and probabilistic representations. He shows that these retrieval
models define systems of vicinities of documents around queries which can
both be represented by a similarity space and thus have a unified
mathematical definition.
Validating a Geographical Image Retrieval System
Bin Zhu and Hsinchun Chen
625
Zhu and Chen compare the performance of their Geographical Knowledge
Representation System with image retrieval by human subjects. Gabor filters
are used to extract low level features from 1282 pixel tiles cut from
aerial photograph images. A 60 feature vector describes each tile and a
Euclidean distance similarity measure is used to sort the tile images by
least distance. Adjacent similar tiles are grouped to create regions which
in turn are represented with derived vectors. Kohonen's Self Organizing Map
(SOM) is created showing tiles representing the textures to be found in the
data. Clicking on these displays the tiles in the same category.
Thirty human subjects were assigned an image and six randomly selected
reference tiles to score for similarity to each of the 192 tiles in the
image. A second group of ten subjects were asked to draw lines around areas
they found similar to the reference tiles. A third group of ten subjects
were given the SOM selected reference tiles and asked to categorize each
tile in the whole image into categories represented by these reference
tiles. The system exhibited no significant difference in precision from the
human subjects but preformed less well on recall. Humans selected more
tiles viewed as similar and the top 5 system and subject tiles were
consistently different. Both had difficulty with tiles where texture alone
did not distinguish one from another. In tile groupings into regions,
humans out preformed the system on both measures but in image
categorization no significant difference existed. Adding features other
than texture may help performance which is close to inexpert human
performance.
How Can We Investigate Citation Behavior? A Study of Reasons for Citing
Literature in Communication
Donald O. Case and Georgeann M. Higgins
635
Case and Higgins review the previous studies providing lists of reasons
for author's citing behavior, and studies using these categories where
investigators classify citation behavior on the basis of content analysis.
They also reexamine the smaller set of studies involving surveys of authors
as to the reasons for their behavior. Choosing the two most highly cited
authors appearing in both of two recent studies of the Communication
literature all citations to their work in the years 1995 and 1996 were
collected. 133 unique citers were identified and sent 32 item
questionnaires with the questions from a recent study in the Psychology
literature. Returns from 56 were received, 31 for author A and 25 for
author B, and responses for the two authors were not significantly
different. No new reasons for citation were identified. The top reasons
were a review of past work, acting as a representative of a genre of
studies, and as a source of a method. Negative citation is quite rare.
Twenty five not redundant items with some indication of importance were
subjected to a factor analysis. Seven factors explain 69% of the variance;
classic citation, social reasons, negative citation, creative citation,
contrasting citation, similarity citation, and cite of a review. Factors
predicting citation are; perception of novelty and representation of a
genre, perception that citation will promote cognitive authority of the
citing work, and perception that the cited item deserves criticism.
Children's Use of the Yahooligans! Web Search Engine: I. Cognitive,
Physical, and Affective Behaviors on Fact-Based Search Tasks
Dania Bilal
646
In the Bilal study twenty two middle school students were assigned a
question to search in Yahooligans! as part of their Science class. The
teacher provided ratings of the children's topic knowledge, general science
knowledge, and reading ability. A quiz administered to the students
indicated knowledge of the Internet and of Yahooligans! in particular.
Lotus ScreenCam was used to record 18 of the student system interactions.
Student's transcribed moves were classified and counted with a score of one
(relevant) for selection of a link that appears appropriate and leads to
the desired information; .05 for the selection of a link that appear
appropriate but is not successful, and 0 to the selection of links that
give no indication of information leading to success. Weighted
effectiveness and efficiency scores are then computed.
Thirty six percent initially browsed subject categories while the rest
entered single or multi-word concepts. Key words and in some cases natural
language were used in subsequent moves despite the fact that Yahooligans!
does not support natural language search. Subsequent activity mixed
browsing with term search. Looping and backtracking were very common but
the go button using the search history links was unused. Most children
scrolled but not often the complete page. Half were successful but all were
inefficient.
Ethnomethodologically Informed Ethnography and Information System Design
Andy Crabtree, David M. Nichols, Jon O'Brien, Mark Rouncefield, and Michael
B. Twidale
666
Crabtree et al. object to traditional ethnographic analysis as applied to
information problems on the basis that the application of pre-defined rules
and procedures yields an organization of the activity observed from the
point of view of the analyst rather than that of the participants. Such a
``constructive analysis'' approach does not describe the actual activities,
but in the name of objectivity imposes a structure which obscures the real
world practices through which subjects make sense of their surroundings,
and produce information.
Ethnomethodology emphasizes rigorous thick description of local practices
by assembling concrete cases of preformed activity as the direct units of
analysis. EM analysis attempts to generate a description in great detail of
how the described activity could be reproduced in and through the same
practices. Such description provides a sense of the real world aspects of a
socially organized setting to systems designers and thus provides the
exceptions, contradictions, and contingencies of the activities that
otherwise might not be evident. Practitioners of ethnography and computer
system design have quite different cultures but communication can lead to
far better design practices.
BOOK REVIEWS
Annual Review of Information Science and Technology, Vol. 33, 1998, by
Martha E. Williams Birger Hjorland
683
IT Investment in Developing Countries: An Assessment and Practical
Guideline, by Sam Lubbe Queen Esther Booker
685
Information Brokering, by Florence M. Mason and Chris Dobson James J.
Sempsey
686
Information Management for the Intellegent Organization: The Art of
Scanning the Environment, by Chun Wei Choo Donald R. Smith
687
CALL FOR PAPERS
688
------------------------------------------------------
The ASIS home page <http://www.asis.org/Publications/JASIS/tocs.html>
contains the Table of Contents and brief abstracts as above from January
1993 (Volume 44) to date.
The John Wiley Interscience site <http://www.interscience.wiley.com>
includes issues from 1986 (Volume 37) to date. Guests have access only to
tables of contents and abstracts. Registered users of the interscience
site and ASIS members who have selected electronic access have access to
the full text of these issues and to preprints.
---------------
Richard Hill
American Society for Information Science
8720 Georgia Avenue, Suite 501
Silver Spring, MD 20910
(301) 495-0900
FAX: (301) 495-0810
http://www.asis.org
THE REFERENCE LIBRARIAN – call for papers
>Date: Thu, 23 Mar 2000 23:54:23 +0100
>Reply-To: Forum of the IFLA Social Science Libraries
>section <SOC-LIB@NIC.SURFNET.NL>
>From: Hans-Christoph Hobohm <hobohm@FH-POTSDAM.DE>
>Subject: call for papers
>Comments: To: DIV-II-L@infoserv.nlc-bnc.ca, BIBMAN-L@LISTSERV.GMD.DE
>
>Call For Papers
>
>I am looking for people from academic, public, school, and special
>libraries who will be willing to contribute to a special issue of the
>Reference Librarian that I am guest editing. The tentative title of the
>issue is: The Difficult Library Patron Issue: 21st Century Approaches
>and Solutions to a Life-Time Issue.
>
>Here is the outline of what I intend the special issue to be. If you are
>interested in contributing, please send me a one page proposal of what
>topic you would like to write about. Feel free to suggest other
>categories I may have left out of the outline. Include in your proposal
>your name, affiliation, and e-mail address. The deadline for submitting
>a proposal is April 30, 2000.
>
>Section 1.
>
>The Problem Patron:
>Definitions, Etc.
>Historical perspectives: From the past to Present
>
>Section 2:
>
>The Benefits of patron Complaints: Wake Up Calls to What We Do(n't) Do
>Best
>How to Solicit Problems from Patrons
>Responding to Patron Problems
>
>Section 3: Made for the Millennium: The Electronic-Age Made Problem
>Patron:
>
> Cell Phones in the Library
> Internet Users in the Library
> Users Wanting to Print Their Documents at Libraries Workstations
> Laptop Users in the Library, etc.
>
>
>Section 4: Solving the Difficult Library Problem:
>
> Empowering front-line Employees
> Partnership with Community Resources-- Campus Police, Town Police
> Revisiting Library Policies to reflect the 21st Century: Rewriting
>Policies
> A Hundred Years from Now: Getting Prepared for the Next Millennium.
>
>Kwasi Sarkodie-Mensah
>Manager, Instructional Services
>Boston College Libraries
>312 O'Neill Library
>Chestnut Hill, MA 02467-3810
>sarkodik@bc.edu
>______________________________________________________________________
> Prof. Dr. Hans-Christoph Hobohm <Hobohm@FH-Potsdam.de>
> University of Applied Sciences (FH), LIS / ABD
> Friedrich-Ebert-Str. 4, D-14467 Potsdam, Germany
> school office: ++49 / 331 580-1514 (fon, +voicemail) -1599 (fax)
>-> home office: ++49 / 331 50 53 950 (fon + fax)
> http://www.fh-potsdam.de/~hobohm/
___________________________________________________________________________________
RLG DigiNews
Date: Fri, 17 Dec 1999 15:10:42 -0500
Sender: International Federation of Library
Associations mailing list
<IFLA-L@INFOSERV.NLC-BNC.CA>
From: Barbara Berger Eden
<beb1@CORNELL.EDU>
Subject: December RLG DigiNews Now Available
The current issue of RLG DigiNews is now
Available at:
<http://www.rlg.org/preserv/diginews/diginews3-6.html>http://www.rlg.org/preserv/diginews/diginews3-6.html
Volume
3, Number 6
CONTENTS
Feature
Article
Digitisation
of Newspaper Clippings: The LAURIN Project by G
ünter
Mühlberger
Technical
Features
The
Digital Atheneum - Restoring Damaged Manuscripts by W. Brent
Seales
and James Griffioen
Conference
Report
Digital
Preservation: A Report from the Roundtable Held in Munich,
10-11
October 1999
Highlighted
Web Site - Open eBook Initiative
FAQs -
Developments in Display Technology
RLG DigiNews
is a bimonthly web-based newsletter intended to:
* Focus
on issues of particular interest and value to managers of digital
initiatives
with a preservation component or rationale.
* Provide
filtered guidance and pointers to relevant projects to improve our
awareness
of evolving practices in image conversion and digital archiving.
*
Announce publications (in any form) that will help staff attain a deeper
understanding
of digital issues.
___________________________________________________________________________________
SCHOLARLY ELECTRONIC PUBLISHING BIBLIOGRAPHY
Version 28
Date: Wed, 8 Dec 1999 15:43:28 -0600
Sender: "ASIS-L: American Society for Information Science"
<ASIS-L@asis.org>
From: "Charles W. Bailey, Jr." <cbailey@UH.EDU>
Subject: Version 28, Scholarly Electronic Publishing Bibliography
Version 28 of the Scholarly Electronic Publishing Bibliography
is now available. This selective bibliography presents over
1,060 articles, books, electronic documents, and other sources
that are useful in understanding scholarly electronic publishing
efforts on the Internet and other networks.
HTML: <URL:http://info.lib.uh.edu/sepb/sepb.html>
Acrobat: <URL:http://info.lib.uh.edu/sepb/sepb.pdf>
Word 97: <URL:http://info.lib.uh.edu/sepb/sepb.doc>
The HTML document is designed for interactive use. Each
major section is a separate file. There are live links to
sources available on the Internet. It can be can be searched using
Boolean operators.
The HTML document also includes Scholarly Electronic Publishing
Resources, a collection of links to related Web sites:
<URL:http://info.lib.uh.edu/sepb/sepr.htm>
The Acrobat and Word files are designed for printing.
Each file is over 250 KB.
(Revised sections in this version are marked with an asterisk.)
Table of Contents
1 Economic Issues*
2 Electronic Books and Texts
2.1 Case Studies and History*
2.2 General Works*
2.3 Library Issues*
3 Electronic Serials
3.1 Case Studies and History*
3.2 Critiques
3.3 Electronic Distribution of Printed Journals
3.4 General Works*
3.5 Library Issues*
3.6 Research*
4 General Works*
5 Legal Issues
5.1 Intellectual Property Rights*
5.2 License Agreements*
5.3 Other Legal Issues*
6 Library Issues
6.1 Cataloging, Classification, and Metadata*
6.2 Digital Libraries*
6.3 General Works*
6.4 Information Conversion, Integrity, and Preservation*
7 New Publishing Models*
8 Publisher Issues
8.1 Electronic Commerce/Copyright Systems*
Appendix A. Related Bibliographies by the Same Author
Appendix B. About the Author
Best Regards,
Charles
Charles W. Bailey, Jr., Assistant Dean for Systems,
University Libraries, University of Houston, Houston, TX
77204-2091. E-mail: cbailey@uh.edu. Voice: (713) 743-9804.
Fax: (713) 743-9811.
<URL:http://info.lib.uh.edu/cwb/bailey.htm>
URL:http://info.lib.uh.edu/sepb/sepb.html
THE SCOUT REPORT
Volume 6, Number 40, February 25, 2000
Date: Tue, 29 Feb 2000 11:31:57 +1100
Subject: Fw: The Scout Report -- February 25, 2000 edited & redirected
Reply-To: aliaOPAL@alianet.alia.org.au
The Scout Report
February 25, 2000
Volume 6, Number 40
Internet Scout Project
University of Wisconsin
Department of Computer Sciences
I N T H E S C O U T R E P O R T T H I S W E E K
========
3. PubMed Central [.pdf]
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/
After almost a year of sometimes contentious debate, the National
Institutes of Health has officially opened PubMed Central, a free
online archive of full-text, peer-reviewed research papers in the
life sciences. While the majority of the major scientific publishers
have declined to participate, a number of respected journals will be
featured at the site. The first of these are _Molecular Biology of
the Cell_ and _Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
United States of America_. At the time of writing, only the November
1, 1999 issue of _Molecular Biology of the Cell_ was available. Users
can view abstracts or the full text of over 30 articles in HTML or
.pdf format. The full texts of issues for both journals from 1999 and
1998 are in preparation. Forthcoming journals include _Biochemical
Journal_, _Canadian Medical Association Journal_, _Frontiers in
Bioscience_, and five journals from BioMed Central. Background and
participation information are available at the site. While current
offerings at the site are modest, PubMed Central promises to become a
major resource for scholars and professionals in the life sciences.
[MD]
7. Comparative Mammalian Brain Collections [QuickTime]
http://www.neurophys.wisc.edu/brain/
Located at the Department of Physiology at the University of
Wisconsin - Madison, this site offers images and information from
"one of the world's largest collection of well-preserved, sectioned
and stained brains." The site features photos of brains of over 100
different species of mammals, representing 17 mammalian orders. Users
can browse the collection by common or scientific name; view serial
sections of selected specimens (including human and chimpanzee), some
of which are also available as QuickTime movies; read about the
importance and history of the collections; and learn about brain
evolution (this last section still under construction). Additional
resources include a collection of related links and an internal
search engine. [MD]
8. Student Advantage: Academic Research Engine
http://research.studentadvantage.com/
Last week, Student Advantage announced its new academic research
engine, developed in partnership with Northern Light (see the
September 19, 1997 _Scout Report_). Students can keyword search 25
different subjects either individually or simultaneously. Some
features adopted from Northern Light's search engine make Student
Advantage likely to reduce, at least, the ratio of student
frustration to success when attempting to do Internet research.
First, results of an initial search include a sidebar that organizes
returns in subject folders allowing users to focus only on those that
seem most promising. Second, the "drill and search" feature allows
students to then refine their searches within these subject folders.
This two-step process mitigates the centrifugal Internet experience
most student-researchers encounter. The site also features a listing
of online reference sources and a free download of Q-Notes, software
for electronic note-taking (for PCs only). (Caveat: Many of the
book-length texts listed in results are merely links to Amazon.com,
and some of the articles listed are held in Northern Light's
fee-based Special Collection.) [DC]
21. Bare Bones 101: A Very Basic Web Search Tutorial
http://www.sc.edu/beaufort/library/bones.html
Created by Ellen Chamberlain, Head Librarian at the University of
South Carolina-Beaufort campus, this collection of concise lessons is
designed to help users get their Web searches on the right track
quickly and easy. The tutorial is divided into 20 independent
lessons, addressing topics such as meta-searchers, subject
directories, evaluating sites, Boolean logic, and field searching. It
also offers overviews of eight of the most popular search engines.
The last lesson consists of a list of what Chamberlain feels are the
best resources for more in-depth guides to searching the Internet.
[MD]
== Subscription and Contact Information ==
To receive the electronic mail version of the Scout Report each week,
join
the SCOUT-REPORT mailing list. This is the only mail you will receive
from
this list.
To subscribe Scout Report, go to: http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/misc/lists/
Or send email to:
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In the body of the message type:
subscribe SCOUT-REPORT
For subscription options, send email to:
listserv@cs.wisc.edu
In the body of the message type:
query SCOUT-REPORT
> > The Scout Report (ISSN 1092-3861) is published every Friday of the
> > year except the last Friday of December by the Internet Scout
> > Project, located in the University of Wisconsin-Madison's Department
> > of Computer Sciences.
> >
> > Director Susan Calcari
> > Managing Editor Travis Koplow [TK]
> > Editor Michael de Nie [MD]
> > Contributors David Charbonneau [DC]
> > Aimee D. Glassel [AG]
> > Emily Missner [EM]
> > Laura X. Payne [LXP]
> > Krishna Ramanujan [KR]
> > Debra Shapiro [DS]
> > Joseph Bockhorst [JB]
> > Jen E. Boone [JEB]
> > Scott Watkins [SW]
> > Technical Specialist Pat Coulthard [PC]
> > Website Administrator Alan Foley [AF]
> >
> > Internet Scout team member information:
> > http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/addserv/team.html
>
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Volume 6, Number 44, March 24, 2000
----------
> From: Scout Project <scout@CS.WISC.EDU>
> To: SCOUT-REPORT@HYPATIA.CS.WISC.EDU
> Subject: The Scout Report -- March 24, 2000
> Date: Saturday, 25 March 2000 8:14
>
> ======== The Scout Report ==
> ======== March 24, 2000 ====
> ======== Volume 6, Number 44 ======
> ====== Internet Scout Project ========
> ==== University of Wisconsin ========
> == Department of Computer Sciences ========
>
>
> == I N T H E S C O U T R E P O R T T H I S W E E K ========
>
>
>
> ====== Subject Specific Reports ====
> 1. Scout Report for Social Sciences and Business & Economics
>
> ====== Research and Education ====
> 2. Bartleby.com Relaunches With Five Major Reference Works
> 3. British and Irish Legal Information Institute (BAILII)
> 4. Archives of Maryland Online
> 5. The Korean War - Project Whistlestop
> 6. FT.com Global Archive
> 7. University of Pennsylvania Digital Library Project
> 8. Museums and the Web 2000: Speakers' Papers
> 9. A Thousand Years of Work and Money
> 10. Women in Politics: Bibliographic Database
> 11. forced-migration-history
>
> ====== General Interest ====
> 12. Supreme Court Rules on Tobacco Regulation and Student Fees
> 13. Budget 2000 Prudent for A Purpose: Working for a Stronger and
> Fairer Britain
> 14. The Nazi Olympics: 1936 Berlin
> 15. _Annual Defense Report 2000_
> 16. Opinion-Pages
> 17. Report of the Panel of Experts on Violations of Security Council
> Sanctions Against UNITA
> 18. Railway Women in Wartime
> 19. _Inc._ 500
> 20. FinalFour.net
>
> ====== Network Tools ====
> 21. Google Web Directory
> 22. The Spire Project
> 23. LinkBox 2.5
>
> ====== In The News ====
> 24. Russian Presidential Election
>
>
> Copyright and subscription information appear at the end of the Scout
> Report. For more information on all services of the Internet Scout
> Project, please visit our Website: http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/
>
> If you'd like to know how the Internet Scout team selects resources
> for inclusion in the Scout Report, visit our Selection Criteria page
> at: http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/report/sr/criteria.html
>
> Feedback is always welcome: scout@cs.wisc.edu
>
>
>
> ====== Subject Specific Reports ====
>
> 1. Scout Report for Social Sciences and Business & Economics
> _Scout Report for Social Sciences_
> http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/report/socsci/2000/ss-000321.html
> _Scout Report for Business & Economics_
> http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/report/bus-econ/2000/be-000323.html
>
> The thirteenth issues of the third volumes of the Scout Reports for
> Social Sciences and Business & Economics are available. The In the
> News section of the Social Sciences Report annotates eight resources
> on last week's elections in Taiwan. The Business & Economics Report's
> In the News section offers eight resources on the recent interest
> rate hike. [MD]
>
>
>
> ====== Research and Education ====
>
> 2. Bartleby.com Relaunches With Five Major Reference Works
> http://www.bartleby.com/
>
> On March 20 Bartleby.com, a premiere source for free online
> literature, verse, and reference books, relaunched their Website and
> added five major reference works. Users can now access complete
> electronic versions of the _Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition_;
> _The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Third
> Edition_; _Roget's II: The New Thesaurus, Third Edition_; _Simpson's
> Contemporary Quotations_; and _The American Heritage Book of English
> Usage_. Each of these works may be browsed by the table of contents
> or index or searched by keyword. Unlike most of Bartleby's offerings,
> which are classic texts now out of copyright, these additions are all
> recent editions, the oldest dating to 1988. The new Bartleby homepage
> is attractive and easily navigated, offering pull-down menu access to
> its content in four categories: Reference, Verse, Nonfiction, and
> Literature. Users can also conduct keyword searches across all or
> selected areas of the site from the main page. [MD]
>
>
> 3. British and Irish Legal Information Institute (BAILII)
> http://www.bailii.org/
> Australasian Legal Information Institute
> http://www.austlii.edu.au/
>
> Launched last week, this pilot service from AustLII (Australian Legal
> Information Institute) offers free access to British and Irish legal
> materials, currently containing over 75,000 searchable documents with
> about 2 million hypertext links. At present, the site hosts fourteen
> databases from five jurisdictions, which may be searched individually
> or jointly. These include UK House of Lords Decisions, England and
> Wales High Court and Court of Appeal Decisions, Scottish High Court
> Decisions, Northern Ireland High Court and Court of Appeal Decisions,
> and Irish High Court and Court of Appeal Decisions, among others.
> Users may search the databases by keyword (supports Boolean
> searches), or browse cases and legislation by country and court/
> legislative body. Links to additional legal materials via the AustLII
> site are also provided. Planned additions in the next month include
> UK Legislation, UK Statutory Instruments, Scottish Legislation,
> Scottish Statutory Instruments, and Irish Statutory Instruments. [MD]
>
>
> 4. Archives of Maryland Online [QuickTime]
> http://www.mdarchives.state.md.us/msa/homepage/html/homepage.html
>
> "The Maryland State Archives, through a grant from the Information
> Technology Fund of the state of Maryland, is working to provide
> on-line access to over one million historical documents that form the
> constitutional, legal, legislative, and administrative basis of
> Maryland government." Included here are documents from the following
> sources: legislative records, state council, judicial records,
> executive records, council of safety, land records, laws, codes,
> compilations, military records, constitutional conventions, public
> officials, and early state records. Recent editions to the electronic
> archive include the Proceedings and Acts of the 1796 General Assembly
> and Proceedings and Debates of the 1850, 1864, and 1967 State
> Constitutional Conventions. The archives are searchable as a whole or
> by selected section with a number of different parameter options
> available. Scholars doing research into the state of Maryland or the
> history of the early American Republic's governance will want to
> avail themselves of this site. [DC]
>
>
> 5. The Korean War - Project Whistlestop
> http://www.whistlestop.org/study_collections/korea/large/index.htm
>
> Provided by Project Whistlestop, the Harry S. Truman online digital
> archive (reviewed in the July 17, 1998 _Scout Report_), this site
> hosts an excellent collection of primary resources for teaching or
> researching the Korean War. Most of these are offered in the ongoing
> Week by Week section, which contains a chronology, accounts, letters,
> presidential calendars, telegrams, memorandums, and other digitized
> documents that trace developments in the war on a daily and weekly
> basis. At present, only the first few weeks of the war, June 24-July
> 21, 1950, are complete. Other resources include photographs, teaching
> materials, and related links. [MD]
>
>
> 6. FT.com Global Archive
> http://www.globalarchive.ft.com/search-components/index.jsp?requestPag
> e=stdsearch.jsp
>
> Behind this rather ugly URL, users will find _Financial Times's_
> Global Archive, where they can search and read over 6 million
> articles from 3,000 periodicals worldwide, most of them for free.
> Keyword searches may be modified in a number of ways, and users can
> select to search one, several, or all of the publication groups
> indexed. Registered users may also save their searches for later
> reference. Although quite slow to load at times, the site is a
> powerful tool for anyone searching for current business-related news
> and writing. [MD]
>
>
> 7. University of Pennsylvania Digital Library Project [.pdf]
> http://digital.library.upenn.edu/oup-public/
>
> Launched in January, this collaborative project of the University of
> Pennsylvania and Oxford University Press (OUP) will "study digital
> book use and its impact on teaching, learning, and book sales." While
> the full collection of texts (300-400 titles in history over the next
> five years) will only be available to the Penn community, the project
> does offer a preview site for the general public. At this site, users
> can read the full text of three recently published (1999 and 2000)
> OUP books: Louise Newman's _White Women's Rights The Racial Origins
> of Feminism in the United States_, Walter Laqueur's _The New
> Terrorism: Fanaticism and the Arms of Mass Destruction_, and Joseph
> Rothschild's _Return To Diversity: A Political History of East
> Central Europe Since World War II_. Users interested in developing
> similar projects at their institutions will also want to read the
> project overview and press release, as well as browse the collection
> list by title or author. [MD]
>
>
> 8. Museums and the Web 2000: Speakers' Papers
> http://www.archimuse.com/mw2000/speakers/index.html
> Museums and the Web 2000 homepage
> http://www.archimuse.com/mw2000/
> Past Conference Papers
> http://www.archimuse.com/conferences/mw.html
>
> Now in its fourth year, Museums and the Web 2000 will be held April
> 16-19 in Minneapolis, where international attendees will discuss and
> explore a number of themes related to exhibits and programming on the
> Web. Those unable to attend the conference can still benefit from the
> 60+ presentations and demonstration papers now available on the Web.
> Some describe individual projects, while others answer how-to
> questions for museums just venturing into the digital realm. Examples
> of paper topics include "Integration of Primary Resource Materials
> into Elementary School Curricula," "Protecting a museum's digital
> stock through watermarks," "How to get more than 500,000
> museum-visitors within 6 months," and "Universal Access: Designing
> Web Pages for the Hearing- and Visually-Impaired." Abstracts are
> available for those papers that are not available online in
> full-text. Papers and abstracts from the previous three conferences
> are also available at the above URL. [MD]
>
>
> 9. A Thousand Years of Work and Money
>
http://www.csmonitor.com/atcsmonitor/specials/athousandyears/frameset.html
>
> This special collection of articles from the _Christian Science
> Monitor_ examines the evolution of work. "Infinite Quest" considers
> workers's needs to have a safe and secure place to work, comparing
> today's workers with their counterparts in 1000 AD. "Events That
> Shook the World of Work" provides short synopses of the 20 most
> important "inventions and developments, and how they changed the way
> jobs get done" from the rise of guilds in the eleventh century to the
> World Wide Web in 1993. The improvements in wages and quality of
> living over time are outlined in "More Power to More People," while
> "The Search for Personal Wealth" deals with the finances of workers
> throughout the past 1000 years focusing especially on the changes
> wrought by investing. Finally, "Rooted in Religion, Charities Branch
> Out" explores the development of not-for-profit agencies. These
> thoughtful, well-written articles are accompanied by a timeline that
> charts the evolution of currency. [EM]
>
>
> 10. Women in Politics: Bibliographic Database
> http://www.ipu.org/bdf-e/BDfsearch.asp
>
> This bibliographic database currently holds 650 titles of recent
> works concerned with women in politics. A new addition to the
> Inter-Parliamentary Union's "Democracy through Partnership between
> Men and Women in Politics" site, "it provides bibliographic
> references to books, reports and journal articles on all aspects of
> women's participation in political life worldwide." The search
> mechanism allows users to specify type of document, geographic
> region, publishing organization, subject matter, author, title of
> periodical, and year of publication. Alternatively, there is also a
> subject keyword search. For more information about the
> Inter-Parliamentary Union Website, see the December 12, 1997 _Scout
> Report_. [DC]
>
>
> 11. forced-migration-history
> http://www.mailbase.ac.uk/lists/forced-migration-history/
>
> This new, UK-based, moderated mailing list serves as a forum for
> discussions on population displacements in 20th-century European
> history, "and to explore the inter-relationship of forced
> migration/resettlement/repatriation with nationalism, state formation
> and the construction of social identities." While the moderators
> believe that most of the subscribers will be involved in migration
> studies, history, geography, demography, and anthropology or
> sociology, scholars from other fields and different geographical and
> historical time periods are most welcome. Users will find archived
> messages and subscription information at the site. [MD]
>
>
>
> ====== General Interest ====
>
> 12. Supreme Court Rules on Tobacco Regulation and Student Fees
> Food and Drug Administration et al. v. Brown & Williamson Tobacco
> Corp. et al. [.pdf]
> http://supct.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/98-1152.ZS.html
> Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System v. Southworth et
al.
> http://supct.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/98-1189.ZS.html
>
> In a major victory for cigarette manufacturers and a setback for the
> Clinton Administration, the nation's highest court ruled Tuesday that
> the government does not have the authority to regulate tobacco as an
> addictive drug. The case, on appeal from the US Court of Appeals for
> the Fourth Circuit, concerns the sweeping new regulations introduced
> by the Food and Drug Administration in 1996 with the president's
> strong support. In her opinion for the 5-4 majority, Justice Sandra
> Day O'Connor concluded that Congress had not granted the FDA the
> authority it sought to exercise over tobacco products. On Wednesday,
> the Court issued a ruling that had very large consequences for public
> colleges and universities, deciding unanimously that these
> institutions can use money from mandatory student-activities fees to
> finance campus groups to which some students object. The case stemmed
> from a lawsuit filed by three "conservative Christian" law students
> at the University of Wisconsin-Madison who wished to withhold their
> student fees from 18 of the 125 student groups subsidized by the
> university. This ruling does not apply to private universities, as
> the First Amendment only protects speech from government
> restrictions. Users can read the full text of the Syllabi (head
> notes), Opinions, and Dissent/ Concurrence for both cases in HTML and
> .pdf format at the Cornell University Legal Information Institute
> Supreme Court Collection site. [MD]
>
>
> 13. Budget 2000 Prudent for A Purpose: Working for a Stronger and
> Fairer Britain
> http://www.official-documents.co.uk/document/hmt/budget2000/hc346.htm
> BBC News Budget 2000 In-Depth
> http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/in_depth/uk/2000/budget2000/default.stm
>
> This week, Chancellor of the Exchequer Gordon Brown unveiled the UK
> government's new budget. In crafting the budget, the chancellor had
> to walk a delicate political tightrope by avoiding the so-called "tax
> and spend" policies which characterized "Old Labour" administrations
> and still appealing to the core Labour voters. Using surpluses
> instead of new taxes, the budget calls for significant new spending
> (2 billion pounds) on health and education, two areas where the
> government has been criticized for not living up to its promises.
> Users can read the full text of the budget, which includes six
> chapters, several appendices, charts, and tables, at the Stationary
> Office homepage. For a wealth of analysis, commentary, and related
> materials on the budget, visit the special in-depth site from BBC
> News. [MD]
>
>
> 14. The Nazi Olympics: 1936 Berlin
> http://www.ushmm.org/olympics/
>
> The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum presents this Web version
> of an exhibition depicting the 1936 Olympics as a two-week anomaly
> during which Germany attempted to conceal the racist and militaristic
> character of the newly powerful Nazi regime and appear a tolerant
> host for the international games. In spite of this, some individual
> athletes and countries elected to boycott the 1936 Olympics. Using a
> variety of graphic materials such as photographs, posters, and
> newspaper clippings, accompanied by explanatory texts, the exhibition
> lays out this history in ordered sections from the rise of Nazism in
> Germany to concluding sections on World War II and the Holocaust. In
> between are sections like the Boycott and the Olympics. The former
> includes an account by Milton Green, the Jewish captain of the
> Harvard track team who took first place in pre-Olympic trials, then
> decided to boycott the Nazi Olympics. The latter features Nazi
> propaganda promoting the games, as well as images of
> African-Americans who participated. The concluding image of the show
> is a table of photographs of Olympic athletes who died in the
> Holocaust. [DS]
>
>
> 15. _Annual Defense Report 2000_ [.pdf, 2200K]
> http://www.dtic.mil/execsec/adr2000/
> Annual Defense Report -- DOD
> http://www.dtic.mil/execsec/adr_intro.html
>
> Forwarded to the President and Congress annually, the Secretary of
> Defense's _Annual Defense Report_ serves as "a basic reference
> document for those interested in national defense issues and
> programs." The 350-page 2000 edition is available in HTML and .pdf
> formats. It covers topics such as defense strategy, the current state
> of the armed forces, plans for transforming the armed forces and the
> Department of Defense, statutory reports from the individual
> secretaries, and a number of appendices. The Department of Defense
> (DOD) Annual Defense Report page contains previous reports to 1995
> and an internal search engine. [MD]
>
>
> 16. Opinion-Pages
> http://www.opinion-pages.org/
>
> Created and operated by Montgomery Kersell, this excellent resource
> allows users to access very recent opinion and editorial pieces from
> approximately 600 different English-language international sources.
> Indexed daily, the database can be searched by keyword with numerous
> modifiers. Returns include a link to the piece and a brief abstract.
> A sample search for "presidential campaign" produced 40 hits, while
> one for "Kashmir" returned 11 hits. In both cases, the pieces linked
> to were very current, many from that day. Users can also keyword
> search topical collections of columnists's pages, including Political
> & General, Business & Finance, Technology, Arts & Leisure, Health,
> and Sports. Those looking for the opinion page or letter to the
> editor columns for specific newspapers can browse a geographic
> listing. Additional resources include a pair of opinion columns
> (Think Ahead and Think Sideways) penned by Kersell himself. [MD]
>
>
> 17. Report of the Panel of Experts on Violations of Security Council
> Sanctions Against UNITA
> http://www.un.org/News/dh/latest/angolareport_eng.htm
>
> Released by the United Nations on March 15, this study alleges that a
> number of European and African states have violated the UN's arms and
> financial embargoes against the Angola rebel army UNITA. Bulgaria,
> according to the report, is one of the chief offenders, serving as
> the primary source of arms purchased by UNITA. Burkina Faso and Togo,
> two West African nations, have acted as important transit points for
> the shipment of weapons and fuel, which have been paid for in part by
> diamonds, many of which are reportedly sold at the world's largest
> diamond market in Antwerp, Belgium. Users can read the full text of
> the report, which includes a table of contents, at the UN site. [MD]
>
>
> 18. Railway Women in Wartime
> http://business.virgin.net/artemis.agency/railway/
>
> Compiled by Helena Wojtczak, the first woman to be employed as a
> guard by British Rail and an authority on the history of
> railwaywomen, this collection of annotated photos documents the
> experiences of women working on the British railways during the two
> World Wars. More than 200,000 women worked on the rails during the
> wars, performing all manner of duties, such as porters, guards,
> repair crew, workshop staff, and signal women. Users can browse the
> collection by period and job type or tour the entire site via a link
> at the bottom of each page. Each section offers a few well-chosen
> quotes (many from the photo subjects themselves), and the quality of
> the featured photos is on the whole quite good. While certainly not
> as large as some online photo exhibits, Railway Women in Wartime
> provides an interesting and entertaining glimpse into an understudied
> aspect of British women's history. [MD]
>
>
> 19. _Inc._ 500
> http://www.inc.com/500/
>
> The Inc. 500, from _Inc. Magazine_, features the annual list of the
> 500 fastest growing private companies. Along with announcing the
> winners for 1999, _Inc._ has created a database of winners from 1982
> to 1999, searchable by year, company name, keyword, state, and
> sector. While a large percentage of the 1999 winners are
> technology-based companies, Roth Staffing, an Orange County staffing
> service, came in first place. The _Inc._ 500 also contains short
> articles about each of the companies along with at-a-glance company
> overviews, a hall of fame, and additional articles and stories. The
> site includes an online application form for those interested in
> nominating a company for the _Inc._ 500 2000. [EM]
>
>
> 20. FinalFour.net [Flash, RealPlayer]
> http://www.finalfour.net/
>
> Die-hard college hoops fans, especially those whose team is still in
> the running, have no doubt reached a state of frenzy and froth, as
> the sweet sixteen, after tonight, becomes the elite eight. Even the
> mildly curious, however, will find numerous items of interest at the
> official site of the NCAA men and women's tournaments. There visitors
> will find live coverage, game summaries and breaking news, analysis
> of the impending matchups, statistics, an animated playbook, photos,
> and much more. Whatever your level of interest in the tournaments,
> this is the site. [MD]
>
>
>
> ====== Network Tools ====
>
> 21. Google Web Directory
> http://directory.google.com/
>
> In a rather brilliant move, Google has licensed the data compiled by
> the Open Directory Project (ODP) (reviewed in the November 20, 1998
> _Scout
> Report_--http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/report/sr/1998/scout-981120.html#20}
> ), used by a number of major search sites, and applied its own
> powerful searching technology, adding further value to what many
> believe are the Web's top search site and directory. As with Yahoo
> and the original ODP, users can browse for sites by picking a major
> category (there are more than 230,000 hierarchical categories in
> total) and drilling down. However, unlike other users of ODP data,
> the Google Directory employs its PageRank technology so that sites
> are listed from most to least relevant or important, rather than
> alphabetically, helping users find the best sites quickly and easily.
> This new feature is also integrated with all of the Google search
> interfaces, allowing single-click access to the relevant directory
> categories from all search returns. Already widely recognized for its
> speed, accuracy, and uncluttered design, with the addition of the
> ODP's data, Google may very well supplant the other major players and
> become the most popular Internet search site. [MD]
>
>
> 22. The Spire Project
> http://spireproject.com
> UK Mirror
> http://spireproject.co.uk/
> Australia Mirror
> http://cn.net.au
>
> Created and maintained by David Novak, the Spire Project has been
> expanded and refined since its original review in the January 14,
> 1999 _Scout Report for Social Sciences_. Offered as both a research
> guide and search-engine alternative, the site offers a number of
> searching tutorials on specific topics which feature numerous links
> and search forms. While each tutorial is different, most contain a
> mix of official or governmental sites, databases, libraries, and
> commercial resources. The Government Resources section, for instance,
> covers general sources for government information and a number of
> specific ones for the US, UK, and Canada. Other tutorials include
> Finding Articles, Searching Patents, Company Information, Country
> Profiles, and Finding a Library, among others. Most offer some final
> thoughts in a conclusion as well as search strategies. While the site
> will certainly prove a considerable help to newer users, more
> experienced internauts may also want to poke around a bit to find
> some new resources or brush up on their searching strategies. [MD]
>
>
> 23. LinkBox 2.5 [Mac OS 8]
> http://www.mediavillage.org/linkbox/
>
> LinkBox is a compact and basic utility for storing URLs found in
> emails, newsgroup messages, or any text message. While most current
> email browsers and word processors handle URLs quite adequately and
> interface with Web browsers, LinkBox is helpful for those situations
> where the URL is not clickable or for saving lists of URLs (note:
> only five URLs can be saved on the shareware version). LinkBox
> features drag and drop capability which makes it much more useful
> than other basic URL utilities, but it offers no way to sort or
> arrange URLs. The shareware version is $10. [AF]
>
>
>
> ====== In The News ====
>
> 24. Russian Presidential Election
> Russia's Vote for President -- BBC News
> http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/static/in_depth/europe/2000/russian_e
> lections/default.stm
> Election 2000 -- _Moscow Times_
> http://www.themoscowtimes.com/indexes/61.html
> CNN - In-Depth: Russia Election
> http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/2000/russia/
> Resources on the Russian Presidential Elections
> http://www.ceip.org/programs/ruseuras/Elections/elections.htm
> Russia Votes
> http://www.russiavotes.org/
> "Russian Presidential Election Rules" -- _Russia Today_
> http://www.russiatoday.com/features.php3?id=145750
> "Putin Reflects Russia's Perplexed, Lost Society" -- _St. Petersburg
Times_
> http://www.times.spb.ru/current/opinion/powerplay.htm
> "A Russian voter's confusion over Putin" -- _Christian Science Monitor_
> http://www.csmonitor.com/durable/2000/03/23/p11s1.htm
> "As Russian election nears, little is known of the top candidate" --
> _Philadelphia Inquirer_
> http://www.phillynews.com/inquirer/2000/Mar/22/opinion/RUBIN22.htm
> Voice of Russia
> http://www.vor.ru/index_eng.html
> The Government of the Russian Federation
> http://www.government.gov.ru/english/
>
> It appears that Vladimir Putin's biggest challenge in Sunday's
> election comes not from one of the ten other candidates vying for the
> Russian Presidency, but rather from voter apathy. The election of the
> acting President is regarded as such a foregone conclusion that some
> even fear that not enough Russians will go to the polls (50 percent)
> to make the election valid. A low turnout could also deny Putin the
> 50 percent of the vote cast he needs to win outright and avoid a
> run-off, probably with the Communist candidate, Gennady Zyuganov.
> Putin appeared recently on television and issued an appeal to the
> voters, reminding them that the election does indeed matter, as the
> President is the chief of the armed forces in a country with a
> nuclear arsenal. A relative unknown when he was named prime minister
> in August, the former KGB official has won broad support for the
> campaign in Chechnya. Beyond that, however, he remains an enigma to
> many, even in the Russian press. His refusal to discuss even basic
> policy questions leaves many wondering about Russia's future under
> the imminent Putin presidency. Only after his election, it appears,
> will Putin reveal where he intends to lead Russia.
>
> Readers can begin their search for more information on the election
> with the ever-dependable BBC. Their special on the election includes
> breaking news, analysis, archived articles, a clickable guide to the
> various power bases in Russia, a slideshow, profiles, and related
> links. The _Moscow Times_ has also created an election special,
> featuring a number of articles and candidate profiles, as has CNN,
> whose site offers issue briefs, recent news, a map and timeline,
> analysis, and candidate profiles. Additional special reports and
> related resources, including polling data, can be found at the
> Resources on the Russian Presidential Elections page from the Russian
> and Eurasian Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International
> Peace and at Russia Votes, a joint project of the Centre for the
> Study of Public Policy, University of Strathclyde, and the Russian
> Center for Public Opinion and Market Research (VCIOM). A concise
> summary of the election rules is posted on the _Russia Today_ site,
> while editorial pieces on the election are offered by the _St.
> Petersburg Times_, _Christian Science Monitor_, and the _Philadelphia
> Inquirer_. Additional information is available from the Voice of
> Russia radio service and the official site of the Government of the
> Russian Federation. [MD]
>
>
>
>
> ====== ======
> == Index for March 24, 2000 ==
> ====== ======
>
> 1. Scout Report for Social Sciences and Business & Economics
> _Scout Report for Social Sciences_
> http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/report/socsci/2000/ss-000321.html
> _Scout Report for Business & Economics_
> http://scout.cs.wisc.edu/report/bus-econ/2000/be-000323.html
>
> 2. Bartleby.com Relaunches With Five Major Reference Works
> http://www.bartleby.com/
>
> 3. British and Irish Legal Information Institute (BAILII)
> http://www.bailii.org/
> Australasian Legal Information Institute
> http://www.austlii.edu.au/
>
> 4. Archives of Maryland Online [QuickTime]
> http://www.mdarchives.state.md.us/msa/homepage/html/homepage.html
>
> 5. The Korean War - Project Whistlestop
> http://www.whistlestop.org/study_collections/korea/large/index.htm
>
> 6. FT.com Global Archive
> http://www.globalarchive.ft.com/search-components/index.jsp?requestPag
> e=stdsearch.jsp
>
> 7. University of Pennsylvania Digital Library Project [.pdf]
> http://digital.library.upenn.edu/oup-public/
>
> 8. Museums and the Web 2000: Speakers' Papers
> http://www.archimuse.com/mw2000/speakers/index.html
> Museums and the Web 2000 homepage
> http://www.archimuse.com/mw2000/
> Past Conference Papers
> http://www.archimuse.com/conferences/mw.html
>
> 9. A Thousand Years of Work and Money
>
http://www.csmonitor.com/atcsmonitor/specials/athousandyears/frameset.html
>
> 10. Women in Politics: Bibliographic Database
> http://www.ipu.org/bdf-e/BDfsearch.asp
>
> 11. forced-migration-history
> http://www.mailbase.ac.uk/lists/forced-migration-history/
>
> 12. Supreme Court Rules on Tobacco Regulation and Student Fees
> Food and Drug Administration et al. v. Brown & Williamson Tobacco
> Corp. et al. [.pdf]
> http://supct.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/98-1152.ZS.html
> Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System v. Southworth et
al.
> http://supct.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/98-1189.ZS.html
>
> 13. Budget 2000 Prudent for A Purpose: Working for a Stronger and
> Fairer Britain
> http://www.official-documents.co.uk/document/hmt/budget2000/hc346.htm
> BBC News Budget 2000 In-Depth
> http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/in_depth/uk/2000/budget2000/default.stm
>
> 14. The Nazi Olympics: 1936 Berlin
> http://www.ushmm.org/olympics/
>
> 15. _Annual Defense Report 2000_ [.pdf, 2200K]
> http://www.dtic.mil/execsec/adr2000/
> Annual Defense Report -- DOD
> http://www.dtic.mil/execsec/adr_intro.html
>
> 16. Opinion-Pages
> http://www.opinion-pages.org/
>
> 17. Report of the Panel of Experts on Violations of Security Council
> Sanctions Against UNITA
> http://www.un.org/News/dh/latest/angolareport_eng.htm
>
> 18. Railway Women in Wartime
> http://business.virgin.net/artemis.agency/railway/
>
> 19. _Inc._ 500
> http://www.inc.com/500/
>
> 20. FinalFour.net [Flash, RealPlayer]
> http://www.finalfour.net/
>
> 21. Google Web Directory
> http://directory.google.com/
>
> 22. The Spire Project
> http://spireproject.com
> UK Mirror
> http://spireproject.co.uk/
> Australia Mirror
> http://cn.net.au
>
> 23. LinkBox 2.5 [Mac OS 8]
> http://www.mediavillage.org/linkbox/
>
> 24. Russian Presidential Election
> Russia's Vote for President -- BBC News
> http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/static/in_depth/europe/2000/russian_e
> lections/default.stm
> Election 2000 -- _Moscow Times_
> http://www.themoscowtimes.com/indexes/61.html
> CNN - In-Depth: Russia Election
> http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/2000/russia/
> Resources on the Russian Presidential Elections
> http://www.ceip.org/programs/ruseuras/Elections/elections.htm
> Russia Votes
> http://www.russiavotes.org/
> "Russian Presidential Election Rules" -- _Russia Today_
> http://www.russiatoday.com/features.php3?id=145750
> "Putin Reflects Russia's Perplexed, Lost Society" -- _St. Petersburg
Times_
> http://www.times.spb.ru/current/opinion/powerplay.htm
> "A Russian voter's confusion over Putin" -- _Christian Science Monitor_
> http://www.csmonitor.com/durable/2000/03/23/p11s1.htm
> "As Russian election nears, little is known of the top candidate" --
> _Philadelphia Inquirer_
> http://www.phillynews.com/inquirer/2000/Mar/22/opinion/RUBIN22.htm
> Voice of Russia
> http://www.vor.ru/index_eng.html
> The Government of the Russian Federation
> http://www.government.gov.ru/english/
>
>
>
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