metal organic chemical vapor deposition and laser applications of CdSe/Zn(S,Se) quantum dots |
Schlüsselwörter:
MOCVD, II-VI Halbleiter, CdSe, Quantenpunkte, Laser
MOCVD, II-VI semiconductor, CdSe, quantum dots, laser
Sachgruppe der DNBAbstract
In the framework this thesis self-organized metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) grown CdSe quantum dots (QD) embedded in Zn(S,Se) Matrix were investigated for the first time.
Based on our growth investigations CdSe/Zn(S,Se) QD-laser operating at room-temperature were produced.
The premise for the epitaxial growth of the II-VI QD-laser was the optimization of the structural and optical properties of the used binary ZnSe-, ternary Zn(S,Se)- and (Zn,Cd)Se layers as well as the quaternary (Zn,Mg)(S,Se) respect to there growth conditions. The known high diffusitivity of the Cd in II-VI semiconductors is responsible for the Cd interdiffusion from the (Zn,Cd)Se quantum structures into adjacent layers during the growth. Additionally growth investigations on (Zn,Cd)Se/Zn(S,Se) superlattices showed, that this Cd interdiffusion can be reduced effectively by choosing a stoichiometric VI/II partial-pressure-ratio over the substrat surface during growth.
The MOCVD grown CdSe/Zn(S,Se) QD are formed in the Volmer-Weber growth modus. In contrast to the Stranski-Krastanow grown III-VI QD no evidence for a homogenous "wetting layer" were detected in high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) pictures of ultrathin CdSe layers grown on lattice matched Zn(S,Se) surfaces. The zero-dimensionally excitonic QD-states in CdSe/Zn(S,Se) QD layers with nominal CdSe-layer thickness from submonolayer (sub-ML) to the monolayer range (0.5 - 3 ML) were verified by spatial and spectral high resolution cathodoluminescence spectroscopy. The overall QD density was in the range of 5 x 1011 cm-2.
The applicability of the CdSe QD as effective gain medium in a laser structure was successful demonstrated using strain-compensated CdSe/Zn(S,Se) laser structures with different vertical coupling combined with the concept of excitonic waveguide. Excitonic laser emission from ground states of the QD ensemble of a 16 fold stacked CdSe{3Å}/Zn(S,Se){50Å}QD laser structure were achieve above room temperature. The threshold density were 55kW/cm2 at 300 K. At low temperature T ? 80 K the laser structure had an extremely low threshold density below 1 kW/cm2, high optical gain of g = 1.500 cm-1 combined with an extremely high temperature stability, as described by the critical temperature of T0 = 750 K. We have to note, that the optical gain at room temperature with g = 250 cm-1 was at least ten times larger than the internal cavity losses of aint = 19 cm-1.
This results add confidence to the commercial pertinence of the II-VI semiconductor in the fast-growing market of the blue and blue-green emitting laser diodes.