| AAF | Army Air Forces |
| AEF | American Expeditionary Forces (World War I) |
| AFSSC | Armed Forces Supply Support Center |
| AFSWP | Armed Forces Special Weapons Project |
| AGF | Army Ground Forces |
| AMC | Army Materiel Command |
| ARO | Army Research Office |
| ARPA | Advanced Research Projects Agency |
| ASA (R&D) | Assistant Secretary of the Army (Research & Development) |
| ASAP | Army Scientific Advisory Panel |
| ASD (I&L) | Assistant Secretary of Defense (Installation & Logistics) |
| ASF | Army Service Forces |
| AWC | Army War College |
| BAC | Budget Advisory Committee |
| CAD | Civil Affairs Division |
| CBR | Chemical, biological, radiological |
| CDC | Combat Developments Command |
| CIA | Central Intelligence Agency |
| CINCUSARPAC | Commander in Chief, U.S. Army, Pacific |
| CMH | Center of Military History (formerly Office, Chief of Military History) |
| CMP | Cresap, McCormick and Paget |
| CNO | Chief of Naval Operations |
| CONARC | Continental Army Command |
| CONUS | Continental United States |
| DA | Department of the Army |
| DARPO | Department of the Army Reorganization Project Office |
| DASA | Defense Atomic Support Agency |
| DCA | Defense Communications Agency |
| DIA | Defense Intelligence Agency |
| DOD | Department of Defense |
| DOT | Directorate of Organization and Training |
| DSA | Defense Supply Agency |
| DSM | Distinguished Service Medal |
| ETO | European theater of operations |
| FRC | Federal Records Center |
| GHQ | General Headquarters |
| GSA | General Services Administration |
| HumRRO | Human Resources Research Office |
| ICAF | Industrial College of the Armed Forces |
| JAGC | Judge Advocate General's Corps |
| JCS | Joint Chiefs of Staff |
| MASA | Military Automotive Supply Agency |
| MATS | Military Air Transport Service |
| MCSA | Military Construction Supply Agency |
| MDLC | Materiel Development and Logistics Command |
| MDW | Military District of Washington |
| MGSA | Military General Supply Agency |
| MIS | Military Intelligence Service |
| MIT | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| MRP | Management Resources Planning [Branch] |
| MSTS | Military Sea Transportation Service |
| MTMA | Military Traffic Management Agency |
| NARS | National Archives and Records Service |
| NATO | North Atlantic Treaty Organization |
| NME | National Military Establishment |
| NSA | National Security Agency |
| OACSFOR | Office, Assistant Chief of Staff for Force Development |
| OAD | Operations Analysis Division |
| OCA | Office, Comptroller of the Army |
| OCMH | Office, Chief of Military History |
| OCRD | Office, Chief of Research and Development |
| OCofT | Office, Chief of Transportation |
| ODCSLOG | Office, Deputy Chief of Staff for Logistics |
| ODCSOPS | Office, Deputy Chief of Staff for Military Operations |
| ODCSPER | Office, Deputy Chief of Staff for Personnel |
| ODOMS | Directorate of Organization and Management Systems |
| OPD | Operations Division |
| OPO | Office of Personnel Operations |
| ORO | Operations Research Office |
| OSD | Office, Secretary of Defense |
| OSRD | Office of Scientific Research and Development |
| PAC | Project Advisory Committee |
| PIPS | Preliminary implementation plans |
| PMP | Protective Mobilization Plan |
| PS&T | Purchase, Storage, and Traffic [Division] |
| RAF | Royal Air Force |
| RAND | Research and Development [Corporation] |
| ROTC | Reserve Officers' Training Corps |
| ROTEC | Research Office Test and Experimentation Center |
| SARO | Strength Accounting and Reporting Office |
| SGS | Secretary of the General Staff |
| SPD | Special Planning Division |
| SS&P | Service, Supply, and Procurement [Directorate] |
| SWNCC | State-War-Navy Coordinating Committee |
| TACT | Third Army Territorial Command Test |
| TAGO | The Adjutant General's Office |
| UMT | Universal military training |
| UNRRA | United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration |
| WAC | Women's Army Corps |
| WD | War Department |
| WDGS | War Department General Staff |
| WDSS | War Department Special Staff |
| WIB | War Industries Board |
| WPD | War Plans Division |
| ZI | Zone of interior |