Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Bell, William Gardner. Commanding generals and chiefs of staff. Bibliography: p. Includes index. 1. Generals—United States—Biography. 2. United States. Army—Biography. 3. United States—History, Military. I. Title. E181.B53 1983 355.3'31'0922 [B] 83–11829 First Printed 1983—CMH Pub 70–14For sale by the U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402–9328 ISBN 0–16–035912–0

FOREWORD AUTHOR PREFACE INTRODUCTION Commanding Generals, 1775–1903

George Washington (first tour)	48
Henry Knox	50
John Doughty	52
Josiah Harmar	54
Arthur St. Clair	56
Anthony Wayne	58
James Wilkinson (first tour)	60
George Washington (second tour)	62
Alexander Hamilton	64
James Wilkinson (second tour)	66
Henry Dearborn	68
Jacob Jennings Brown	70
Alexander Macomb	72
Winfield Scott	74
George Brinton McClellan	76
Henry Wager Halleck	78
Ulysses Simpson Grant	80
William Tecumseh Sherman	82
Philip Henry Sheridan	84
John McAllister Schofield	86
Nelson Appleton Miles	88

Chiefs of Staff, 1903–1995

Samuel Baldwin Marks Young	92
Adna Romanza Chaffee	94
John Coalter Bates	96
James Franklin Bell	98
Leonard Wood	100
William Wallace Wotherspoon	102
Hugh Lenox Scott	104
Tasker Howard Bliss	106
Peyton Conway March	108
John Joseph Pershing	110
John Leonard Hines	112
Charles Pelot Summerall	114
Douglas MacArthur	116
Malin Craig	118
George Catlett Marshall	120
Dwight David Eisenhower	122
Omar Nelson Bradley	124
Joseph Lawton Collins	126
Matthew Bunker Ridgway	128
Maxwell Davenport Taylor	130
Lyman Louis Lemnitzer	132
George Henry Decker	134
Earle Gilmore Wheeler	136
Harold Keith Johnson	138
William Childs Westmoreland	140
Bruce Palmer, Jr.	142
Creighton Williams Abrams, Jr.	144
Frederick Carlton Weyand	146
Bernard William Rogers	148
Edward Charles Meyer	150
John Adams Wickham, Jr.	152
Carl Edward Vuono	154
Gordon Russell Sullivan	156
Dennis Joe Reimer	158

Appendices and Bibliographies

Appendix A. Chronological List of Chief Executive Authorities, Departmental Secretaries, and Senior Officers	161
Appendix B. Chronological List of Senior Officers of the United States Army	168
General Bibliography	170
Bibliography of Senior Officers	173
Index	180

List of Introductory Illustrations

General George Washington receiving his commission	2
Facsimile of General Washington’s commission	2
General Washington taking command in the field	4
Secretary at War Benjamin Lincoln	5
Secretary of War Henry Knox	6
General Andrew Jackson	9
Secretary of War John C. Calhoun	10
General Winfield Scott	11
General Edmund P. Gaines	11
General Alexander Macomb	N/A
President and Commander in Chief Abraham Lincoln	14
President Andrew Johnson	18
Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton	18
General William T. Sherman	19
General Philip H. Sheridan	19
General Nelson A. Miles	19
General John M. Schofield	22
Secretary of War Elihu Root	24
General Staff Selection Board	27
Members of the newly formed Army General Staff	29
General Fred C. Ainsworth	30
General Leonard Wood	30
Secretary of War Newton D. Baker and General Peyton C. March	31
Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson	33
General George C. Marshall	33
General George Washington	34
General Ulysses S. Grant	34
General Dwight D. Eisenhower	34
The Joint Chiefs of Staff, 1950	36
General Matthew B. Ridgway	37
General Maxwell D. Taylor	37
Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara	38
General William C. Westmoreland and some predecessors	39
General Dennis J. Reimer taking the oath of office	40
The form of a senior officer’s commission today	40
Thomas E. Stephens painting General Dwight D. Eisenhower’s portrait	42

page updated 30 April 2001

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